风力发电现状及叶片组成与回收利用综述

Review on status of wind power generation and composition and recycling of wind turbine blades

风力发电作为风能的主要利用形式,是目前全球可再生能源领域中最主要的发电方式之一。伴随着风电行业的快速发展,早期安装的一批风电机组也将迎来集中退役,进而产生大量的废弃叶片。在“碳达峰碳中和”目标的背景下,废弃叶片的回收再利用受到了广泛关注,但由于叶片目前使用的复合材料难以降解且回收过程复杂,回收废弃叶片仍然是一个巨大挑战。介绍了风力发电的现状,并对当前采用的叶片材料及其性能特点进行了阐述,重点关注现有的废弃叶片热回收方法,将其与机械回收法和化学回收法进行比较,分析各回收技术的优缺点,旨在为废弃风电叶片的规模化回收提供合理的建议,从而实现风电叶片绿色回收,保障风电行业的持续健康绿色循环发展。

As the main utilization form of wind energy,wind power generation is one of the most dominant methods of power generation in the field of global renewable energy.With the rapid development of wind power industry,a batch of wind turbines installed in the early stage will also be centrally decommissioned,resulting in a large number of waste blades.Under the background of the goal of“carbon peak and carbon neutralization”,the recycling and reuse of waste blades has attracted extensive attentions.Nevertheless,the recycling of wind turbine blades remains a huge challenge due to the difficulty of degrading the composites currently used in the blades and the complexity of recycling process.The current situation of wind power generation is introduced,the materials for blades and their performance characteristics are also expounded.Besides,the existing thermal recycling methods are discussed in detail and compared with mechanical recycling method and chemical recycling method,and then the advantages and disadvantages of each recycling technology are analyzed.Reasonable suggestions for large-scale recycling of wind turbine blades are provided,so as to realize green recycling of wind turbine blades and ensure the sustainable,healthy and green cycle development of wind power industry.