正确认识和应用布鲁氏菌虎红平板凝集试验

Awareness and Application of Brucella Rose Bengal Test

布鲁氏菌病是一种由布鲁氏菌引起的全球常见细菌性人兽共患病。在开展布鲁氏菌病诊断、监测、防控等相关工作时,虎红平板凝集试验(rose bengal test,RBT)是最常用的布鲁氏菌抗体检测方法。但是,在实际应用过程中,因对布鲁氏菌抗体特点及RBT特性等缺乏充分理解,导致RBT检测结果被“误用”的情况时有发生。本文将从动物感染布鲁氏菌后产生抗体的种类和特点,抗体凝集反应中存在的“前带现象”和非特异性反应,RBT抗原酸化和标准化对其检测性能的改善,RBT阳性结果需“确证”的起因及“误用”,在不同临床条件下如何使用RBT和解释检测结果等方面作一综述。充分认识和理解RBT的特性,以及在不同临床情形下正确使用RBT及其检测结果,不但可以降低布鲁氏菌病诊断成本,而且还能极大发挥RBT在布鲁氏菌病防控中的作用。

Brucellosis,caused by Brucella,is one of bacterial zoonoses usually prevalent in the world.The rose bengal test(RBT)is the most common used method for detecting Brucella antibody in the diagnosis,monitoring,prevention and control of brucellosis.However,the results by RBT are often“misused”due to lack of full awareness for the characteristics of Brucella antibody and RBT in practice.In the paper,the following contents were reviewed,including the types and characteristics of antibody produced by animals infected with Brucella,the“frontal zone phenomenon”and non-specific reaction in antibody agglutination reaction,the improvement of capacity by RBT antigen acidification and standardization,the cause of“confirmation”of RBT positive results and“misuse”,how to use RBT and interpret test results under different clinical conditions.In conclusion,full awareness of the characteristics of RBT and correctly application of it and its results under different clinical situations could not only reduce the cost of diagnosis of brucellosis,but also greatly play the role of RBT in the prevention and control of brucellosis.