种植支持式固定义齿被动就位的临床检测方法

Clinical assessment of evaluating passive fit of implant-supported fixed prostheses

种植支持式固定义齿的长期成功率与其被动就位状态密切相关,因而被动就位的临床检测在种植修复治疗中十分重要。现有证据表明完全的被动就位状态仍无法实现,而一定程度的失配是临床可接受的。被动就位的检测主要涉及被动性与适合性两个方面。被动性检测方法主要是螺钉阻力实验,而适合性检测方法主要包括交替指压法、直视法、探诊法、影像学方法、单螺钉实验法及指示材料法。每种检测方法均有其优势及局限性,本文将就被动就位的定义以及临床常用检测方法进行综述,以期为临床诊疗提供参考。

Passive fit is closely associated with the long-term success rate of implant-supported prostheses.Therefore,clinical assessment of passive fit is important in the implant therapy.Based on the current evidence,an absolutely passive fit cannot be obtained,and a certain level of misfit was considered to be clinically acceptable.Various methods are applied to assess the passive fit of prostheses,which are mainly divided into two aspects:passiveness and marginal fit.The screw resistance test could be used to assess passiveness.Regarding marginal fit,the following methods are available:alternate finger pressure,visual inspection,tactile sensation,radiographs,one-screw test and disclosing materials.Each assessment method has its advantages and limitations.This article briefly reviewed the definition of passive fit and the common clinical assessment methods to provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment.