集束化护理联合多元化健康教育对脊柱结核手术患者术后依从性、自我效能感的影响

Effect of bun dle care combined with diversified health education on postoperative compliance and self-efficacy in patients underwent spinal tuberculosis surgery

目的 探讨集束化护理联合多元化健康教育对脊柱结核手术患者术后依从性、自我效能感的影响,以期为护理实践与研究提供参考。方法 选取2018年6月—2021年6月在河南省濮阳市第五人民医院行脊柱结核手术的80例患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为研究组与对照组,每组40例。给予对照组患者常规护理干预。研究组患者在对照组护理基础上进行集束化护理联合多元化健康教育干预。出院时比较2组患者治疗依从性。比较2组患者干预前后自制的自我管理行为量表、自我效能感量表(GSES)评分。比较2组患者住院期间并发症发生情况。结果 研究组患者依从率为95.00%,高于对照组的70.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者干预前GSES评分及自我管理行为量表中药物管理、饮食管理、症状管理、康复训练评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,2组患者GSES评分及自我管理行为量表中药物管理、饮食管理、症状管理、康复训练评分均高于干预前,且研究组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者并发症发生率为5.00%,低于对照组的32.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 集束化护理联合多元化健康教育应用于脊柱结核手术患者护理中,能提高患者自我管理能力,增强患者自我效能感,降低患者并发症发生率,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the effect of bundle care combined with diversified health education on postoperative compliance and self-efficacy in patients underwent spinal tuberculosis surgery, so as to provide a reference for nursing practice and research. Methods Eighty patients who underwent spinal tuberculosis surgery in the Fifth People’s Hospital of Puyang City from June 2018 to June 2021 were selected as the study subjects. The patients were assigned to the study group and the control group by the random number table, with 40 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing intervention, and patients in the study group were given bundle care combined with diversified health education intervention on top of the care in the control group. Treatment compliance was compared between the 2 groups at discharge. Self-made self-management behavior scale and General Self-Efficacy-Schwarzer(GSES) scores were compared between the 2 groups before and after the intervention. Complications during hospitalization were compared between the 2 groups. Results The compliance rate of the study group was 95.00%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group(70.00%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in self-efficacy scores and drug management, diet management, symptom management, and rehabilitation training score in the self-management behavior scale before intervention between the two groups(P>0.05). After the intervention, the scores of self-efficacy, drug management, diet management, symptom management, and rehabilitation training in the self-management behavior scale in the two groups were significantly higher than those before the intervention, with the study group higher than the control group(P<0.05). The incidence rate of complications in the study group was 5.00%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group(32.50%, P<0.05). Conclusion The application of bundle care combined with diversified health education in patients who underwent spinal tuberculosis surgery can improve self-management ability, enhance self-efficacy, and reduce the incidence of complications in patients. These advantages hold promise for a wider application of this procedure in clinical practice.