轻型基质网袋在甘蔗组培苗上的应用

Application of Light-weight Substrate Mesh Bag on Sugarcane Tissue Culture Seedlings

选用3个甘蔗品种‘桂糖42号’、‘桂糖58号’和‘桂果蔗1号’组培苗,通过轻型基质网袋(T)和传统塑料穴盘加黄泥土(CK)2种种植方式,假植后对苗的生长、大田种植初期抗干旱时间、大田移栽成活率以及2种种植方式的优缺点进行对比。结果表明,轻型基质网袋育苗能提高‘桂果蔗1号’组培假植苗成活率,比CK提高1.94个百分点;利用轻型基质网袋育苗,3个甘蔗品种的绿叶数比CK多1~2片,株高增加了22.00%~27.10%;‘桂糖42号’、‘桂糖58号’和‘桂果蔗1号’的根重分别增加了46.5%、36.90%和22.54%。将‘桂糖42号’假植苗种植到大田,在未浇定根水的条件下,对比CK,轻型基质网袋育苗3、4月份抗干旱时间能力提高了3~4倍,在温度较高、阳光较强的6、7月,抗干旱时间能力提高了8倍。大田种植下,轻型基质网袋育苗成活率约为100%,成活率提高了3.26~3.68个百分点。轻型基质网袋育苗具有重量轻、根系发育好、根量多、缩短假植时间、大田种植无缓苗期、运输方便和适合机械化种植等优点,值得在甘蔗组培育苗上大力推广。

Tissue cultured seedlings of three sugarcane varieties GT42,GT58 and GGZ1 were selected and planted through two planting methods:light-weight substrate mesh bags(T)and traditional plastic plugs plus yellow soil(CK).The growth of seedlings,the drought tolerance duration at the beginning of field planting,the survival rate of field transplantation,and the advantages and disadvantages of the two planting methods were compared.The results showed that the light-weight substrate mesh bag nursery increased the survival rate of GGZ1 tissuecultured fake seedlings.Compared with CK,the survival rate increased by 1.94%;the light-weight substrate mesh bag nursed seedlings showed that the number of green leaves of 3 sugarcane varieties were more than CK.The plant height increased by 22.00%-27.10%;the root weight of GT 42,GT58,and GGZ1 increased by 46.5%,36.90%,and 22.54%,respectively.The fake seedlings of GT42 were planted in the field.Compared with CK,under the condition of no irrigation at planting,the drought tolerance duration of light-weight substrate mesh bag seedlings in March and April increased by 3-4 times.Under high sunshine strength conditions in June and July,the ability to tolerant drought increased by 8 times.Under field planting,the survival rate of light-weight substrate net bag seedlings was about 100%,increased by 3.26%-3.68%.The light-weight substrate mesh bag seedling has the advantages of light weight;good root system development and large root quantity;shortening the nursery time;no slow seedling period for field planting;convenient transportation;suitable for mechanized planting.It is highly recommended for the nursery of tissue culture seedlings for sugarcane.