西方“科学戏剧”的发展与流变

On the Development and Evolution of Western Science Play

西方“科学戏剧”自诞生以来经过四百多年的发展和演变,已经成为西方戏剧的一个重要分支。对应科学史上三个重要时期,科学戏剧经历了三次大的发展,并在这个过程中发展成为一个成熟的戏剧类别。第一次科学革命在促成了“科学戏剧”诞生的同时,也带来了“科学戏剧”的第一次繁荣,新旧科学范式的转变成为这一时期“科学戏剧”的关注焦点;“科学戏剧”的第二次大发展是在核物理的影响下发生的,这一时期的“科学戏剧”开始深入探讨具体科学问题,为“科学戏剧”的第三次发展奠定了基础,此后的“科学戏剧”囊括了对现代科学众多学科的探讨,“两种文化”的进一步融合使其走向成熟,并最终确立了其在西方戏剧舞台上的重要位置。

Science play,which has become a key sub-genre of western drama,has a history of four hundred years,within which it has undergone three critical periods of development and evolution that coincide with the three prominent periods in the history of science,and has eventually establisbed itself as a mature drama genre in this process.Science play came into being under the influence of the first scientific revolution,which also facilitated its own first flourishment.The shift of scientific paradigms was the primary concern of science play in this period.The second creative upsurge was brought about by the shock of nuclear physics,and during this period,science play began to engage in an in-depth discussion of concrete scientific issues,which had laid the foundation for the third tide of development of this genre.The third creative peak of science play,which eventually established its key role in western drama,was marked by a confluence of the“two cultures”and a thorough engagement in discussing the various disciplines of modern science.