拐卖犯罪与“后拐卖”研究的关系地理学探新

An Exploration into Human Trafficking and Post-Trafficking from the Perspective of Relational Geography

在地理学视角上,拐卖犯罪是一种非正常的人口迁移活动。随着人文地理学的关系转向兴起,关系地理学给拐卖犯罪研究提供一种多元、复杂、动态的拓扑关系逻辑,有助于探究拐卖犯罪现象和相关主体间的关联性与过程性。以关系地理学为视角,首先梳理关系地理学在拐卖犯罪问题上的理论张力,获得关于拐卖犯罪的关系地理学基本认知;然后从空间、地方、主体性内涵上解构拐卖犯罪以及“后拐卖”情境,进而以此为依据,总结和建构关系地理学嵌入拐卖犯罪治理与后拐卖发展干预的研究逻辑。研究发现,父权文化下的“性别”和“身体”为拐卖犯罪的滋生提供了土壤和“市场”,作为最小的空间尺度,身体的实践是研究拐卖犯罪的重要入口,在拐卖犯罪活动所构成的关系网络中,存在着空间性的身体规训和权力割裂。同时,拐卖犯罪会带来多元的历时的影响,被拐儿童和妇女在后拐卖情境下会存在地方关系和主体间性的重构。拐卖犯罪治理与后拐卖发展干预都需要引入关系地理学视角,以“关系”视角打通逻辑思路框架。

From the perspective of geography, human trafficking is the abnormal migration of a population. With the rise of the "relational turn" in human geography, relational geography provides a complex multidimensional and topological relationship logic system for studying human trafficking, which could help with exploring the process and correlation between the phenomenon and subjects of human trafficking. In this study, we focused on human trafficking aimed at women and young children and reviewed the relational geography theory to obtain the theoretical framework for this problem. Subsequently, we deconstructed the human trafficking and "posttrafficking" context from the paradigm of space, place, and subjectivity. Then, we constructed a relational geography logic system for the study and post-trafficking interventions. We found that(1) the connotations of "gender" and "body" in a patriarchal culture provide the "soil" and "market" for human trafficking aimed at women and young children. Because of its smallness on the spatial scale, the body is an important entrance to the study of human trafficking. Spatial physical disciplines and power separations exist in the relationship network formed by human trafficking.(2) Human trafficking generates multiple diachronic influences on victims.Children and women who have been abducted face the reconstruction of local relations and intersubjectivity during the post-trafficking stage.(3) Human trafficking governance and post-trafficking interventions should be conducted with a view toward the relational geography logic system and the paradigm of relational space, local relations, and intersubjectivity in order to open logical channels from offenders and victims. The introduction of relational geography may provide theoretical and practical contributions to the study of human trafficking.Regarding the former, it could promote the theoretical study of human trafficking crimes from the traditional paradigm of space to relationship space, as well as from the local to local relations and the subjective to intersubjectivity. In terms of application, findings of this study may draw attention to the importance of spatial physical discipline and power separation in human trafficking when strategizing regarding governance and interventions. Additionally, findings of the study may contribute to fostering more effective interventions during the post-trafficking stage because of our focus on the subjective reconstruction of women and children who have been kidnapped.