无人机/无人船协同系统研究现状及关键技术

Research status and key technologies of UAV-USV cooperative system

无人船在水上救授、水文监测、航道管理等领域有重要的应用。无人船与无人机相比,其载荷大、续航长但观.察能力差、移动速度慢、工作效率低。由续航和载荷能力强的无人船,搭载无人机到指定任务海域,续航能力有限的无人机联合无人船协同执行海事任务,完成任务后着船返航或者补充能源,可充分结合二者优势,拓展系统执行水上作业的能力。本文首先回顾了无人机/无人船协同系统的发展现状,然后介绍了无人机/无人船协同系统的组成,分析了无人机/无人船协同系统的关键技术,展望了无人机/无人船协同系统在海事救援、环境监测和无人作战等领域的应用前景。

Unmanned Surface Vessels(USV)have played an important role in maritime rescue,hydrological monitoring,channel management and other fields.Compared with Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles(UAV),USV has large loads and long endurance,but poor observation ability,slow moving speed and low working efficiency.If UAV is carried by the USV with strong endurance and payload capacity to the designated task area,then UAV can cooperate with the USV to carry out the maritime task,and the UAV will returm to the USV for charging after completing the task.Such a UAV-USV cooperative system can fully combine the advantages of the both,and can expand the systerm’s ability to perform water operations.This paper surveys the research status of the UAV-USV cooperative system,introduces the composition of UAV-USV cooperative system,then analyzes key technologies of the UAV-USV cooperative system.Finally,the typical application scenarios of the UAV-USV cooperative system are summarized,including maritime rescue,environmental monitoring and unmanned combat.