10个绿肥紫云英品种(系)在信阳的适应性分析

Analysis of Adaptability of Ten Chinese Milk Vetch Varieties(Strains)in Xinyang Region

通过研究10个紫云英地方品种(系)之间的农艺性状、物候期、鲜草及种子产量,评价了各地方品种的特性,从而筛选出适宜信阳地区栽培的紫云英地方品种,为今后新品种选育提供依据。结果表明:在信阳种植时,桂紫7号表现为特早熟,宁波大桥、湘紫4号、yH925、yiJ表现为早熟,桂早紫1号、湘紫1号、闽紫7号、848711、弋江紫表现为中熟。盛花期,鲜草产量差异较大,湘紫1号的鲜草产量最高,为38267 kg/hm^(2);其次是848711,为37550 kg/hm^(2),两者与湘紫4号差异不显著但显著高于其他品种(系);桂紫7号最低,为11383 kg/hm^(2),显著低于其他9个品种(系)。鲜草产量总体表现为特早熟种<早熟种<中熟种。植株N含量以湘紫1号最高,为1.95%,与yH925、桂紫7号、弋江紫差异不显著,但显著高于其他品种(系);P含量以yH925最高,为0.23%,与湘紫1号差异不显著,但显著高于其他品种(系);K含量以湘紫1号最高,为1.10%,显著高于其他9个品种(系)。氮、磷、钾养分积累量均以湘紫1号最高,显著高于其他9个品种(系)。成熟期,以yH925、湘紫4号的种子产量最高,分别为699和672 kg/hm^(2)。因此,可初步筛选出湘紫1号作为信阳地区绿肥翻压还田的首选品种(系),而yH925、湘紫4号可作为种子生产的首选品种(系)。

A field trial was conducted to select the milk vetch varieties or strains suitable for Xinyang and breed new varieties by comparing the agronomic characters,phenological period,agronomic characters,fresh grass yield and seed yield of ten local Chinese milk vetch varieties,so as to provide the basis for the future breeding of new varieties.The results indicated that the Guizi No.7 variety was very early maturing milk vetch cultivar grown in Xinyang.The Ningbodaqiao,Xiangzi No.4,yH925,and yiJ were early maturing milk vetch varieties.The Guizaozi No.1,Xiangzi No.1,Minzi No.7,848711,and Yijiangzi were medium maturing varieties grown in Xinyang.In terms of grass yield,there was a significant difference between ten varieties.The fresh grass yield of Xiangzi No.1 was the highest,with 38267 kg/hm^(2),followed by 848711,with 37550 kg/hm^(2).There was no significant difference between them and Xiangzi No.4,but they were significantly higher than other varieties.The fresh grass yield of Guizi No.7 variety was the lowest,with 11383 kg/hm^(2),which was significantly lower than the other 9 cultivars(lines).The total yield of fresh grass was very early maturing varieties<early maturing varieties<medium maturing varieties.Xiangzi No.1 had the highest nitrogen content(1.95%),which was not significantly different from that of yH925,Guizi No.7 and Yijiangzi,but significantly higher than that of other varieties.The yH925 had the highest phosphorus content(0.23%),which was not significantly different from Xiangzi No.1 but significantly higher than other varieties.Xiangzi No.1 had the highest potassium content(1.10%),which was significantly higher than that of the other nine varieties.Nutrient accumulation of N,P and K was the highest in Xiangzi No.1,which was significantly higher than that of the other nine varieties.The two varieties of yH925 and Xiangzi No.4 performed the best in seed yield at the mature stage,which were 699 and 672 g/hm^(2),respectively.Therefore,Xiangzi No.1 was preliminarily screened out as the preferred variety of milk vetch,while the two varieties of yH925 and Xiangzi No.4 were selected as the first-choice varieties for seed production of milk vetch in Xinyang region.