基于DPSIRM模型的苏州吴江区湿地生态安全评价

Evaluation of wetland ecological security in Wujiang District of Suzhou based on DPSIRM model

【目的】科学评价水网地区湿地生态安全状况,为区域生态安全与高质量发展提供依据。【方法】基于水网地区湿地在城市发展过程中所面临的威胁,以苏州市吴江区为研究对象,运用驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应-管理(DPSIRM)模型构建评价指标体系,采用组合赋权法赋予指标权重,结合地理信息系统(GIS)格网技术将部分指标进行空间量化,最终通过综合评价法对2012-2020年吴江区的湿地生态安全进行评价。【结果】2012、2016、2020年吴江区湿地生态安全值分别为0.394 4、0.455 2和0.516 4,总体由低安全和中度安全向较高安全等级演变;各时期的高值区域集中于太湖沿岸、震泽片区、北麻漾片区、同里湖片区、三白荡片区以及元荡片区;基于DPSIRM模型分析,管理、影响、驱动力子系统安全值明显提升,压力子系统有所下降,状态、响应子系统呈先降低后升高的态势。【结论】研究时段内吴江区湿地生态安全值总体呈上升状态。今后湿地的生态保护应当注重对压力指标的调节,加强对生态安全等级较低区域的管控,并保持较高强度的管理措施。

[Objective] This study is aimed to conduct a scientific evaluation of wetland ecological security in water network area so as to provide basis for regional ecological security and high-quality development.[Method] With Wujiang District of Suzhou as the research object, on the basis of the threats faced by the wetland in the water network area in the process of urban development, first, an evaluation index system was constructed employing the DPSIRM model(driving-force-pressure-stae-impact-response-management) after which the combined weighting method was used to give the index weight;then some indexes were spatially quantified in combination with Geographic Information System(GIS) grid technology;finally, the comprehensive evaluation method was adopted to evaluate the wetland ecological security of Wujiang District from 2012 to 2020. [Result] In 2012, 2016 and 2020, the ecological security values of wetlands in Wujiang District were 0.394 4, 0.455 2 and 0.516 4 respectively, which evolved from low security and medium security to high security. The high value areas in each period were mainly concentrated along the coast of Taihu Lake,Zhenze area, Beimayang area, Tongli Lake area, Sanbaidang area and Yuandang area. Based on the analysis of DPSIRM model, the safety value of management, impact and driving force subsystem had increased significantly, that of the pressure subsystem had decreased, whereas that of the state and response subsystem had first decreased and then increased. [Conclusion] During the study period, the ecological security values of wetlands in Wujiang District showed an overall upward state. However, in the future ecological protection of wetlands, devoted efforts should be made to the regulate pressure indicators, strengthen the control of areas with low ecological security level, and maintain high-intensity management measures.