我国居民消费变化趋势研究

Research on the changing trend of residents’ consumption in China

随着我国经济社会发展,居民消费结构出现一些明显的变化。从消费主体群体看,消费快速增长的主体群体出现下沉趋势,农村居民这个消费群体逐渐崛起;从消费主体区域看,消费水平较快增长的区域呈现由东向西转移的趋势,中西部农村开始成为重要的内需消费市场;从消费结构看,居民消费出现升级趋势,这一现象在农村居民中更加突出。国家政策、科技进步及消费观念转变等多重因素共同作用,促使我国居民消费出现这些变化和趋势。在新形势下,促消费是扩大内需和拉动经济增长的主要着力点,需紧抓消费新变化新趋势,有效合理挖掘消费内需潜力,稳就业、促收入是根本,完善社会保障制度提振消费信心,还需引导注重财富管理防范消费迷失风险。

With the economic and social development of China, there have been some obvious changes in the residents’ consumption. From the perspective of consumer groups, more rapid consumption growth occurs in rural areas. From the perspective of regions, consumption growth in the western region is much more rapid than that in the eastern region. From the perspective of consumption structure, there is consumption upgrade which is more prominent among rural residents.Multiple factors, such as government policies, scientific and technological progress, and changes in consumption concepts,have contributed to these changing trends of residents’ consumption in China. Under the new situation, promoting consumption is the main focus of expanding domestic demand and stimulating economic growth. It is necessary to grasp the new changes and trends in consumption, and effectively and reasonably tap potential of consumer demand. Stabilizing employment and boosting income is essential. Improving the social security system is needed to boost consumer confidence. It is also necessary to guide focus on wealth management to prevent consumption risks.