广西壮族自治区急性骨筋膜室综合征的流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of acute compartment syndrome in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

目的分析近十年期间广西急性骨筋膜室综合征的流行病学特征及变化趋势。方法回顾性收集广西6个地市共26家医院于2010年1月至2019年12月期间诊治的1074例急性骨筋膜室综合征患者的病历资料,对其流行病学特征进行回顾性分析。结果(1)患者平均年龄为39(26,50)岁,男女平均年龄差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.502,P=0.133),好发年龄段为31岁~50岁;男女比为5.59:1;发病群体以工人、农民和司机为主;(2)致伤原因以道路交通伤最多见,占比32.31%;(3)发病部位最多见于小腿和前臂,分别占64.08%和21.75%;(4)在所有的发病部位中有66.40%伴有骨折,其中,闭合性骨折占69.40%,开放性骨折占30.60%;(5)在2010~2019年期间广西急性骨筋膜室综合征发病例数呈上升趋势(回归系数β=8.036,P<0.01),截肢率呈下降趋势(c2=9.891,P<0.01)。结论广西急性骨筋膜室综合征好发于青中年男性,好发部位为小腿和前臂,道路交通伤是主要致伤原因;发病人数逐年增多,患者截肢率逐渐下降,提示相关医护人员的诊治水平逐渐提高。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend of acute compartment syndrome in Guangxi in recent ten years.Methods Medical records of 1074 patients with acute compartment syndrome from 26 hospitals in 6 cities in Guangxi were collected from January 2010 to December 2019,and the epidemiological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed.Results(1)The average age of the patients was 39(26,50)years old,and there was no significant difference between male and female(Z=-1.502,P=0.133).The onset age ranged from 31 to 50 years.The male to female ratio was 5.59:1.Workers,farmers and drivers were the main groups;(2)Road traffic injury was the most common cause of injury,accounting for 32.31%;(3)The most common sites were lower leg and forearm,accounting for 64.08%and 21.75%,respectively;(4)Fractures were found in 66.40%of all sites,including closed fractures(69.40%)and open fractures(30.60%);(5)From 2010 to 2019,the incidence of acute compartment syndrome in Guangxi showed an increasing trend(β=8.036,P<0.01),while the amputation rate showed a decreasing trend(c2=9.891,P<0.01).Conclusions Acute compartment syndrome in Guangxi usually occurs in young and middle-aged men,mostly in calf and forearm,and road traffic injury is the main cause of injury.The number of cases increased year by year,and the amputation rate of patients decreased gradually,indicatingthatthe diagnosis andtreatmentlevel of relevant medical staff graduallyimproved.