地方立法法律责任设定研究

Research on the Legal Liability Setting in Local Legislation

地方立法法律责任设定中,目前还存在一定的立法用语不规范、逻辑关系不清晰,以及在违法行为形态和规制措施的规定、行政处罚种类和处罚幅度等方面存在较大差异,且普遍重视罚款,欠缺对其他处罚种类的设定及其组合运用等问题。由于对行政处罚的特性认识存在分歧,地方立法中还存在将非行政处罚种类设定为行政处罚的现象。在立法精细化精神的时代要求下,应当科学设定地方立法中的法律责任,尤其应当重视罚款数额和幅度的科学性与合理性,在维护国家法治统一的前提下体现地方特色,努力提高地方立法质量。

There remain a range of issues in setting local legislative legal responsibilities,characterized by ir⁃regularities in legislative language,unclear logical relationships,big gap between the form of illegal acts and the provisions of regulatory measures,discrepancy between the types of administrative penalties and the range of penalties,and a focus on fines rather than,penalties in other forms or a mix.Besides,owing to a substantial divergence in understanding features of administrative punishments,another issue needs to be addressed as not to confuse types of non-administrative punishments with administrative punishments in local legislation.In the era calling for the spirit of refinement and legislation,legal responsibilities under local legislation should be set strictly and scientifically,especially with the emphasis on the fines,which requires to be scientific and reason⁃able in amount and magnitude.Furthermore,it is advisable to encourage local adjustment of legislation while maintaining its nationwide unity,thereby improving the quality of local legislation.