廿一年陖戈考释

Exegesis of the “Twenty-First Year Jun” Ge Halberd

为配合南水北调中线干线工程项目建设,在2010年3月至2011年2月、2017年11月至2018年6月期间,南阳市文物考古研究所先后两次对河南邓州市张村镇堰子王营村中部土岗上的堰子王营墓地进行发掘,除少量两汉及明清墓葬外,共清理东周楚国墓葬400余座,其中M125、M316的发掘简报已经公布。据发掘者介绍,这批楚国墓葬的年代跨度大致应为春秋晚期至战国晚期。

The “Twenty-First Year Jun” ge halberd unearthed from tomb No. 316 at the Wangying cemetery in Dengzhou, Henan was likely made by an artisan named Jun under the commission of Dun Renxi from the State of Han in the twenty-fi rst year of the reign of King Xuanhui(312 BC). In the same year, this halberd was acquired by the Chu people during the allied Han and Wei attack against Chu in Deng County of the Chu state. It was then buried in a Chu tomb in the present-day Dengzhou, Henan no later than 280 BC. Chu conquered Dun in 496 BC and established a city, Dun yi(the city of Dun) of the Chu state, in Dun’s former territory. Thus emerged the clan of Dun based in Dun yi of Chu, different from that of the Dun state. However, it is still unclear whether Dun Renxi of Han originated from a Ji surnamed Dun clan based in the Dun state, or an unknown clan surnamed Dun based in Dun yi.