2017-2020年江西省景德镇市碘缺乏病监测结果分析

Analysis of surveillance results of iodine deficiency disorders in Jingdezhen City of Jiangxi Province from 2017 to 2020

目的分析景德镇市生活饮用水水碘分布情况,掌握碘缺乏病防治现状,为采取针对性防治措施和科学调整防控策略提供依据。方法根据《全国碘缺乏病监测方案》和《全国生活饮用水水碘含量调查方案》要求,2017-2020年在景德镇市开展碘缺乏病监测,分别采集孕妇和8~10岁儿童家庭食用盐盐样及尿样,检测盐碘和尿碘含量;采用B超法测量儿童甲状腺容积,计算甲状腺肿大率;2017年在景德镇市开展生活饮用水水碘含量调查,对监测和调查结果进行分析。结果2017-2020年,共检查1800名儿童甲状腺,检出甲状腺肿大者11名,肿大率为0.61%;共采集儿童家庭食用盐盐样及尿样各3201份,盐碘中位数为24.96~26.40 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为98.50%~99.50%,尿碘中位数为172.56~218.35μg/L;共采集孕妇家庭食用盐盐样及尿样各1600份,盐碘中位数为24.40~25.38 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为97.25%~98.00%,尿碘中位数为161.55~205.60μg/L。2017年乡镇级完成4个县区、52个乡镇调查采样,共采集水样667份,4个县区水碘含量中位数为0.6~3.2μg/L,52个乡镇水碘含量中位数为0.3~12.3μg/L。结论景德镇市儿童和孕妇碘营养总体上处于适宜水平,但生活饮用水缺碘,应强化重点人群碘缺乏病健康教育,引导居民科学补碘,持续消除碘缺乏危害。

Objective To analyze the iodine content distribution of drinking water in Jingdezhen City,and master the status of prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD),so as to provide a basis for adopting targeted control measures and scientific adjustment of control and prevention strategies.Methods According to the"National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance Program"and the"National Water Iodine Content Survey Program for Drinking Water",the surveillance of IDD in Jingdezhen City was carried out from 2017 to 2020.Household edible salt samples from pregnant women and students aged 8 to 10 were collected to detect salt iodine content,and urine samples were collected to detect urinary iodine.Thyroid volume of students was measured by B-ultrasonography,and the rate of goiter was calculated.In 2017,the iodine content of drinking water in Jingdezhen City was investigated,and the results were analyzed.Results From 2017 to 2020,a total of 1800 students were examined for thyroid gland,and 11 students were found to have goiter,with an goiter rate of 0.61%.A total of 3201 edible salt samples and 3201 urine samples were collected from students,the median of salt iodine was 24.96-26.40 mg/kg,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 98.50%-99.50%,and the median of urinary iodine was 172.56-218.35μg/L.A total of 1600 edible salt samples and 1600 urine samples were collected from pregnant women,the median of salt iodine was 24.40-25.38 mg/kg,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.25%-98.00%,and the median of urinary iodine was 161.55-205.60μg/L.In 2017,a total of 667 water samples were collected from 52 villages and towns in 4 counties and districts.The median of water iodine of the 4 counties and districts was 0.6-3.2μg/L,and that of the 52 villages and towns was 0.3-12.3μg/L.Conclusions The iodine nutrition level of students and pregnant women in Jingdezhen City is generally at an appropriate level,but the iodine content of drinking water is low.It is suggested to strengthen the health education and health promotion of IDD among key population,guide the residents to supplement iodine scientifically,and continuously eliminate the harm of IDD.