生物类黄酮调控瘤胃微生态系统的作用——聚焦甲烷减排

Roles of Bioflavonoids in Regulating Rumen Microecosystems:Focus on Methane Emission Reduction

瘤胃是反刍动物体内重要的微生物生态系统,微生物消化饲料的同时,也生成甲烷。反刍动物甲烷排放量约占到全球人为温室气体排放量的6%。因此,迫切需要采取营养策略调控瘤胃微生态系统,降低甲烷生成。类黄酮作为植物次级代谢产物中分布最广的化合物之一,具备抑菌、抗氧化等多种生物活性。类黄酮在瘤胃内代谢会影响瘤胃发酵模式,抑制原虫和古菌等与甲烷生成密切相关的菌群,进而降低甲烷排放,是潜在的甲烷抑制剂。鉴于此,本文对类黄酮在瘤胃内的代谢、调控瘤胃发酵和抑制甲烷排放的作用及机理作一综述,旨在为进一步研究类黄酮代谢与瘤胃微生物相互作用机制提供参考,也为未来开发类黄酮作为甲烷抑制剂提供思路。

The rumen is an important microbial ecosystem in ruminants.When microorganisms digest feed,they also generate methane.Methane emissions from ruminants account for about 6%of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.Therefore,there is an urgent need to adopt nutritional strategies to modulate the rumen microecosystem and reduce methanogenesis.As one of the most widely distributed compounds in plant secondary metabolites,flavonoids have various biological activities,such as antibacterial and antioxidant.The metabolism of flavonoids in rumen can affect the rumen fermentation pattern,inhibit the protozoa and archaea and other bacterial flora closely related to methanogenesis,thereby reducing methane emission,which is regarded as a potential methane inhibitor.In view of this,this review summarized the metabolism of flavonoids in the rumen,the regulation of rumen fermentation and the inhibition of methane emission and its mechanism,providing a reference for further research on the interaction of flavonoid metabolism and rumen microorganisms,and also contributing to the development of flavonoids as methane inhibitors.