老年人主观幸福感和自我价值感的相关性

Correlation between subjective well-being and self-worth in the elderly

目的调查老年人主观幸福感现状和影响因素,探讨老年人自我价值感和主观幸福感的相关性。方法2020年6—9月采用一般资料问卷、纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表、老年人自我价值感量表对某城市315名老年人进行问卷调查,采用单因素和多元线性回归分析影响老年人主观幸福感的因素,采用Pearson相关分析老年人自我价值感和主观幸福感的相关性。结果老年人主观幸福感得分31.52±9.59分,自我价值感得分81.03±13.71分;多元线性回归分析结果显示,老年人自我价值感、现居地、月收入是否足够维持生活、居住情况、是否患有慢性病、月收入水平是影响老年人主观幸福感的因素(P<0.05);老年人自我价值感和主观幸福感呈正相关(P=0.000),老年人自我价值感与主观幸福感的正性情感、正性体验呈正相关(P=0.000),老年人自我价值感与主观幸福感的负性情感和负性体验呈负相关(P=0.000)。结论老年人主观幸福感及自我价值感均处于中等水平;老年护理工作者应对农村地区老年人、独居老年人、低收入老年人、健康状况差的老年人给予更多的关注和关心,提供经济和精神支持,鼓励其参与社会活动,提升其自我价值感和主观幸福感。

Objective To investigate the status and infl uencing factors of subjective well-being in the elderly,and to explore the correlation between self-worth and subjective well-being in the elderly people.Methods From June to September 2020,315 elderly people in a city were surveyed with the general information questionnaire,Memorial University of Newfoundland happiness scale and self-worth scale for the elderly people.Univariate and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the factors aff ecting the subjective well-being of the elderly.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between self-worth and subjective well-being in the elderly.Results The scores of subjective well-being and self-worth were 31.52±9.59 points and 81.03±13.71 points,respectively.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the self-worth of the elderly,current residence,whether the monthly income is enough to maintain life,living situation,whether suff ering from chronic diseases,and monthly income level were the factors affecting the subjective well-being of the elderly(P<0.05).The self-worth of the elderly was positively correlated with subjective well-being(P=0.000).The self-worth of the elderly was positively correlated with the positive emotion and positive experience of subjective well-being(P=0.000).The self-worth of the elderly was negatively correlated with the negative emotion and negative experience of subjective well-being(P=0.000).Conclusion The subjective well-being and self-worth of the elderly were in the middle level.Elderly caring staff s should address the elderly in rural areas and live alone.The elderly,the low-income elderly and the elderly in poor health should be given more attention and care,fi nancial and moral support,and their participation should be encouraged.Social activities to enhance their sense of self-worth and subjective well-being.