基于回馈教学式的健康教育在内镜下高频电刀治疗胃肠息肉患者中的应用

Application of health education based on feedback teaching in the treatment of gastrointestinal polyps with endoscopic high-frequency electrosurgery

目的探讨基于回馈教学式的健康教育在内镜下高频电刀治疗胃肠息肉患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年1—12月内镜下高频电刀治疗胃肠息肉患者110例,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为观察组与对照组,每组55例。对照组患者围手术期护理中行常规健康教育,观察组实施基于回馈教学式的健康教育,比较两组患者干预前后疾病认知水平、自我效能、负面情绪、遵医行为及康复效果。结果干预前,两组患者疾病知识、自我效能、遵医行为、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)与抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分的比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);实施基于回馈教学式的健康教育干预后,两组疾病知识、自我效能及遵医行为评分均提高,SAS、SDS评分均下降,其中观察组疾病知识、自我效能及遵医行为评分高于对照组,SAS、SDS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后6 h视觉模拟疼痛(VAS)评分低于对照组,术后肛门排气时间、恢复肠鸣音时间、恢复正常饮食时间、术后首次排便时间、下床活动时间及住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在临床护理中实施基于回馈教学式的健康教育可提高高频电刀治疗胃肠息肉患者对疾病的认知,增强患者自我效能,减轻患者不良情绪,提高患者遵医行为,从而促进患者术后康复。

Objective To explore the application effect of health education based on feedback teaching in the treatment of gastrointestinal polyps with endoscopic high-frequency electrosurgery.Methods A total of 110 patients with gastrointestinal polyps treated by endoscopic high-frequency electrosurgery from January to December 2021 were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group according to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups,with 55 cases in each group.The control group received routine health education during perioperative nursing,the observation group received health education based on feedback teaching.The disease cognition level,self-effi cacy,negative emotions,compliance behavior and rehabilitation eff ect were compared between the two groups before and after the implementation.Results Before implementation,there were no significant differences in disease knowledge,self-efficacy,compliance behavior,Zung self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After the implementation of health education based on feedback teaching,the scores of disease knowledge,self-effi cacy and medical compliance in the two groups were improved,and the scores of SAS and SDS were decreased.The scores of disease knowledge,self-effi cacy and medical compliance in the observation group were higher than the control group,and the scores of SAS and SDS were lower than the control group,the diff erences were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).The visual analogue scale(VAS)score at 6 hours after operation in the observation group was lower than the control group,and the time to postoperative anal exhaust,time to return to bowel sounds,time to return to normal diet,time to fi rst postoperative defecation,time to get out of bed and hospital stay were shorter than the control group,the diff erences were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Conclusion The implementation of health education based on feedback teaching in clinical nursing could improve the cognition of gastrointestinal polyps patients treated by high-frequency electrosurgical surgery,enhance the self-effi cacy of patients,reduce patients'bad emotions,improve patients'compliance behavior,so as to promote patients'postoperative rehabilitation.