论亚里士多德在谦卑观念上对苏格拉底的超越

Aristotle’s Transcendence over Socrates in the Concept of Modesty

苏格拉底的谦卑观念一直以来被人们所称颂,被认为是爱智慧的充分体现。而亚里士多德在对谦卑这一概念的理解上却体现出了不同,甚至认为谦卑有着恶的倾向。对谦卑观念的不同理解和以善为相同的目标为亚里士多德对苏格拉底的超越提供了可能性,同时亚里士多德相较于苏格拉底更加适度、更加真实的谦卑观念不仅更加接近伦理学所追求的最高善,还有着更加现实的实践向度。

Socrates’ concept of modesty has long been lauded as a manifestation of the wisdom about love. But Aristotle has a very different understanding of modesty, and even believes that it has a tendency to be evil. Their different understandings of modesty and their shared goal of goodness makes it possible for Aristotle to transcend Socrates, and at the same time, Aristotle’s concept is more appropriate and truer than that of Socrates’, and closer to the highest good of ethics, yet more practical.