刀—屑界面持续润滑刀具的结构参数优化

Optimization of Structural Parameters for Continuous Lubrication Tool between Tool and Chips

提出一种新型切削液供给方法,在刀具底部加工出一储油孔,并用微细通道连接储油孔与前刀面的刀—屑接触区域。雾化后的切削液从刀杆进入储油孔,经微细通道从前刀面喷出,直接喷射到刀—屑接触区域,实现减磨。微细通道的出口位置及孔径大小是影响刀具强度与变形的关键,因此用Workbench有限元软件对上述改装刀具进行热结构间接耦合分析,得到刀尖处的应力应变云图。基于此结果,对微细通道出口的中心位置与主、副切削刃的距离参数及出口直径参数进行优化,得到各输入参数与输出参数之间的响应曲面及敏感度,通过多目标遗传算法求解得出一组可以达到预期目标的最优设计点。分析结果表明,优化后的刀具变形量和最大Mises应力均有所下降。

There is a new cutting fluid supply methods that an oil storage hole is processed at the bottom of the cutting tool,and a micro channel is used to connect the oil storage hole with the tool chip contact area of the rake face.The atomized cutting fluid enters the oil storage hole from the tool bar and then sprays directly into cutter contact area to reduce wear from the rake face through the micro channel.The exit position and aperture size of micro channel are the key factors affecting tool strength and deformation.Therefore,the thermal structure indirect coupling analysis of the modified tool is carried out by Workbench finite element software,and the stress-strain nephogram at the tool tip is obtained.Based on this result,the distance parameters between the center position of the micro channel outlet,the main auxiliary cutting edges and the outlet diameter parameters are optimized.The response surface and sensitivity between the input parameters and the output parameters are obtained from the optimization results.A set of optimal design points that the expected goal are obtained by solving the multi-objective genetic algorithm.The analysis results show that the optimized tool deformation and the maximum Mises stress are reduced.