宋哲宗朝自然灾害析论

Analysis of Natural Disasters During the Reign of Song Zhezong in the Northern Song Dynasty

根据文献资料的收集与整理,通过图表法、统计分析法和比较法等,对宋哲宗朝15年间的自然灾害进行统计、分析,探讨该时期自然灾害基本状况、各级政府的救灾措施以及灾害的影响。研究表明:宋哲宗时自然灾害种类繁多,发生频率高,年灾害频次趋于平稳、四季灾害频次差异较小;区域上主要集中在经济发达或国防重地,大致在京师、河北、浙江、江苏、山东等地。该时期自然灾害对经济、社会和政治等均产生了重大影响。为减轻灾害影响、维系人心及巩固统治,宋哲宗政府采取了安抚灾民、赈济、劝分等一系列救灾措施。

Based on the collection and arrangement of literature materials in the reign of Song Zhezong,we statistically analyzed natural disasters by methods of the chart,statistical analysis and comparison,and discussed the basic situation of natural disasters,the disaster relief measures of governments at all levels,as well as the impact of disasters.The natural disasters during this period was characterized by a wide variety of natural disasters,high frequency of occurrence.The annual disaster frequency tends to be stable,and the difference of disaster frequency in four seasons is small.The disasters were mainly concentrated in economically developed areas or important areas of national defense,which covered roughly the areas of capital,Hebei,Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Shandong etc.So natural disasters during this period had a significant impact on the economy,society and politics.In order to reduce the impact of disasters,maintain people s morale and consolidate the rule,the government of Song Zhezong adopted a series of disaster relief measures,such as pacifying the victims,providing relief,and persuading people to practise mutual aid.