基于症状自评量表全国3569名急诊科护士心理健康水平调查分析

Investigation and analysis of mental health level of 3569 emergency department nurses in China based on SCL-90

目的分析全国范围内26个省份急诊科护理人员的心理健康水平,以期提高其职业幸福感,并为其他临床研究提供借鉴和参考。方法采用横断面调查研究,选取全国范围内26个省份二级及以上医院3621名急诊科护理人员进行全面系统调查,采用一般情况调查表及症状自评量表(SCL-90)对其心理健康状况进行测定,共收集有效问卷3569份,采用描述性研究、t检验、χ^(2)检验、非参数检验以及多因素Logistics回归分析等方法进行统计学分析。结果3569名急诊科护士SCL-90得分阳性率在14.26~40.85,除人际敏感方面与国内常模差异无统计学意义外,其他方面均高于国内常模。影响因素分析显示工作年限、婚姻状况、健康状况、同事关系、工作压力以及家庭压力是影响护士的心理健康状态的重要因素。工作年限在一定范围内略长(<20年)、离异、健康状况越差、同事关系越差、工作及家庭压力越大的护士其心理健康状况量表的得分较高,心理健康问题较严重。结论目前急诊护理人员存在一定的心理健康问题,各医院护理管理层应给予高度重视,并采取相应措施,同时研究结果以期为其他临床相关研究提供参考及依据。

Objective To analyze the mental health level of emergency department nurses in 26 provinces across the country,so as to improve their occupational well-being and provide reference for other clinical research.Methods A cross-sectional study was used to select 3621 emergency department nurses from second-level and above hospitals in 26 provinces across the country to conduct a comprehensive and systematic survey.The mental health status of the nurses was measured by general condition questionnaire and the symptom check list 90(SCL-90).A total of 3569 valid questionnaires were collected.Statistical analysis was performed by descriptive analysis,t-test,χ^(2)test,nonparametric test,multivariate Logistic regression analysis and so on.Results the positive rate of SCL-90 score of 3569 emergency nurses ranged from 14.26 to 40.85,which was higher than the psychological norm except for interpersonal sensitivity factor.The analysis of influencing factors showed that working years,marital status,health status,colleague relationship,work pressure and family pressure were the important influencing factors of nurses′mental health.The nurses with longer working years within a certain range(<20 years),divorce,worse health status,worse relationship with colleagues,and greater pressure from work and family had higher scores in SCL-90 scale and more serious mental health problems.Conclusion At present,there are certain mental health problems in emergency nursing staff,and the nursing management of each hospital should attach great importance to them and take corresponding measures.At the same time,the research results are expected to provide reference and basis for other clinical related research.