种植密度对不同玉米品种农艺性状及产量的影响

Effects of Planting Density on Agronomic Characters and Yield of Different Maize Varieties

为了更好地发挥优良玉米品种特性,设置了2个密度水平,对7个玉米品种进行耐密性评价。结果表明,增加密度对玉米的生育进程、出苗率、出苗整齐度无影响,对有效穗数、株高、穗位高、地上部第三节茎粗及穗部性状有显著影响。适度增加密度对不同品种产量均有一定的增加作用,但不同品种增加密度后增产表现差异较大,仲玉3号、绵单1256的适宜种植密度为5.25万株/hm2左右,中单901、绵单315稳产丰产性较好,适宜密度的弹性较大,密植可使二者获得更高的产量,协玉901、绵1304、蠡玉16号则需要适度密植。由此说明,合理密植是充分发挥品种特性、促进玉米增产挖潜的科学途径。

In order to better play the role of characteristics of excellent maize varieties,two density levels and seven maize varieties were set to evaluate density tolerance.The results showed that the density increase had no effect on the growth process,seedling emergence rate and seedling emergence uniformity,but had significant effects on effective panicle number,plant height,panicle height,stem diameter of the third internode above ground and panicle traits.Moderate density increase had a certain promoting effect on the yield of different varieties,but the performance of the yield increase was quite different when the density increased.The suitable planting density of Zhongyu 3 and Miandan 1256 was about 52500 plants per hectare,Zhongdan 901 and Miandan 315 had better yield stability and fertility,also had large density elasticity,and their high yields could be obtained by dense planting.Xieyu 901,Mian1304 and Liyu 16 should be planted with a moderate density.Therefore,rational planting density is a scientific way to give full play to the maize variety characteristics and promote the yield increase and potential development.