新技术-经济范式下就业量质协调发展的挑战及对策研究

Study on the Challenges and Countermeasures of Coordinated Development of Employment's Quantity and Quality under the New Technology-Economy Paradigm

如何协调就业的数量和质量,实现就业高质量发展,成为新时代的主题。基于新发展理念和经济增长理论,阐述新时代背景下新技术-经济范式对就业的影响机制。新的范式对就业的影响主要体现在四个方面:一是就业创造和就业替代并存,二是就业集中和就业技能结构极化,三是就业的灵活性和就业的不安全感并存,四是劳动力供需不匹配加剧隐性失业和非自愿失业。面对新技术-经济范式,从人口总量和人力资本结构、就业政策约束、外贸环境的不确定性、制造业比重下降过快四个方面分析我国就业量质协调发展所面临的挑战,剖析影响我国就业量质协调发展的核心因素。在此基础上提出政策建议,以期为中国就业政策的完善提供参考。

How to coordinate the employment's quantity and quality and realize the high-quality development of employment has become the theme of the new era.Based on the new development concept and economic growth theory,this paper expounds the influence mechanism of new technology-economy paradigm on employment in the new era.The influence of digital economy on employment is mainly reflected in four aspects:(1)employment creation and replacement coexist,(2)employment concentration and polarization of employment skill structure,(3)employment flexibility and insecurity coexist,(4)mismatch between supply and demand of work force exacerbates disguised and involuntary unemployment.In the face of the new technology-economy paradigm,this paper analyzes the challenges of the coordinated development of employment's quantity and quality from four aspects:total population and human capital structure,employment policy constraints,uncertainty of foreign trade environment,and rapid decline in the proportion of manufacturing industry,and analyzes the core factors that affect the coordinated development of China's employment's quantity and quality.On this basis,policy suggestions are put forward in order to provide reference for the improvement of China's employment policy.