湖南永兴方言i>■的舌尖化音变——兼议i>■在湘、赣语中的地理分布及底层溯源

The Apicalization Phonetic Change of the Vowel i>■in Hunan Yongxing Dialect——Discussion i>■Distribution in Xiang and Gan languages and its origin

永兴境内不同方言点[i]的舌尖化速度差异,完整地反映出[i]>[■]>[■]的动态演变轨迹。以i>的速度差异为分类标准,永兴各点方言i>■的舌尖化音变可归纳为过渡、完成、混合三种形态。比较永兴历史上江西移民主要来源地赣语、湖南各片赣语、湘语和湘南土话的相关语音材料,确认永兴境内方言广泛存在的i>■音变属于湘语底层特征的存留。湖南各片赣语、湘语、湘南土话中i>■音变方言点的地理分布,大致上符合“多见于偏离或远离湘、赣省界的区域”的规律。

The difference of the apicalization speed of the vowel[i]in different dialect locations within the territory of Yongxing county completely reflects the dynamic evolution trajectory of[i]>[■]>[■].With i>■the apicalization speed difference of i>■as the classification standard,the apicalization phonetic change of i>in Yongxing dialect can be reduced into three forms:transition,completion and mixture.By comparing the phonetic materials of Gan language,Xiang language and southern Hunan dialect in the main source of Jiangxi immigrants in Yongxing history,it is confirmed that i>■phonetic change widely exists in Yongxing dialect as the retention of the low-level feature of Xiang language.The geographical distribution of the dialect locations of i>■phonetic change is generally in line with the law of"more commonly found in areas deflected from or far away from the boundaries of Hunan and Jiangxi Province".