雌激素受体、孕激素受体、p53蛋白、p16蛋白在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

Expression and clinical significance of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, p53 and p16 protein in endometrial carcinoma

目的探讨雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、p53蛋白(p53)、p16蛋白(p16)在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法选取2017年1月至2021年5月于滁州市第一人民医院住院切除的子宫内膜癌组织57例作为研究组,选取30例子宫内膜增生症患者的周围正常子宫内膜组织作为对照组。采用Envision法免疫组化染色,观察ER、PR、p53、p16在子宫内膜组织中的表达及其与临床病理学特征间的关系。结果子宫内膜癌组ER、PR、p16的阳性表达率分别为70.2%、61.4%、38.6%,均低于对照组的90.0%、86.7%、93.3%(χ^(2)=4.36、5.98、24.09,均P<0.05);p53在子宫内膜癌组阳性表达率52.6%、明显高于对照组的13.3%(χ^(2)=12.75,P<0.001);有无淋巴结转移、肌层浸润程度、组织分级、病理分期等子宫内膜癌患者的ER、PR表达差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);p53在病理分期、发病年龄、组织分级、肌层浸润程度、淋巴结转移中差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);p16阳性表达率在子宫内膜癌病理分期、组织分级、肌层浸润程度等不同患者中的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),而在有无淋巴结转移患者中阳性表达率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论ER、PR、p53、p16在子宫内膜组织中的异常表达,可能与病情的发生、发展、转变有关。联合检测ER、PR、p53、p16有助于子宫内膜癌的临床诊断、治疗、以及预后判断。

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR),p53 and p16 protein in endometrial carcinoma.Methods The endometrial tissue of 57 patients with endometrial carcinoma who received surgery in The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou between January 2017 and May 2021 was harvested as the study group.The normal endometrial tissue of 30 patients with endometrial hyperplasia was selected as the control group.Envision immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the expression of ER,PR,p53 and p16 protein in endometrial tissue and analyze their expression with clinical pathological characteristics.Results ER,PR,p16 protein expression rates in the endometrial tissue in the study group were 70.2%,61.4%,38.6%,respectively,which were significantly lower than 90.0%,86.7%,93.3%in the control group(χ^(2)=4.36,5.98,24.09,all P<0.05).p53 expression rate in the endometrial tissue was significantly higher in the study group than that in the control group(52.6%vs.13.3%,χ^(2)=12.75,P<0.001).ER and PR expression were significantly different between endometrial carcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis and those without and among those with different histological grades and those at different pathological stages(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in p53 protein expression among patients with different pathological stages of endometrial carcinoma,between patients who suffered endometrial carcinoma at different ages,and between patients with different degrees of myometrial invasion(all P>0.05).p16 protein expression rate differed among patients with different pathological stages of endometrial carcinoma,among those with different histological grades and between patients with different degrees of myometrial invasion(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in p16 protein expression rate between endometrial carcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis and those without(P>0.05).Conclusion Abnormal expressions of ER,PR,p53 and p16 protein in endometrial tissue may be related to the occurrence,development and transformation of the disease.Combined detection of ER,PR,p53 and p16 protein is helpful for the clinical diagnosis,treatment and prognosis assessment of endometrial carcinoma.