淮安市麻风病治愈患者慢性病的影响因素分析

Factors affecting the development of chronic diseases among cured leprosy patients in Huai’an City

目的了解江苏省淮安市麻风病治愈患者慢性病患病情况,并分析影响因素,为麻风病治愈患者慢性病防制提供依据。方法通过全国麻风防治信息管理系统选取2021年淮安市所有麻风病治愈患者为调查对象,进行面对面问卷调查和体格检查,收集人口学资料、家庭状况、麻风病诊疗情况、健康状况和慢性病患病情况等。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析麻风病治愈患者慢性病患病的影响因素。结果共调查麻风病治愈患者708例,男女性别比为2.75∶1,年龄为(71.84±10.09)岁,畸残患者占48.45%。患慢性病225例,患病率为31.78%;其中,高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中、血脂异常、肿瘤和慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病率分别为25.14%、4.10%、3.67%、3.67%、2.26%、2.26%和0.85%。患1种慢性病154例,占21.75%;患2种慢性病61例,占8.62%;患3种及以上慢性病10例,占1.41%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,劳动能力完全丧失(OR=1.484,95%CI:1.015~2.171)、主要经济来源为劳动所得(OR=0.621,95%CI:0.407~0.948)、有人照顾(OR=1.832,95%CI:1.203~2.788)和畸残(OR=1.715,95%CI:1.127~2.608)是麻风病治愈患者患慢性病的影响因素。结论劳动能力丧失、主要依靠政府补助和他人资助、需要他人照顾和畸残的麻风病治愈患者慢性病患病风险较高。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases among cured leprosy patients in Huai’an City,so as to provide insights into chronic diseases control among cured leprosy patients.Methods All cured leprosy patients in Huai’an City in 2021 were enrolled from the National Leprosy Management Information System in China.The demographic data,family status,leprosy diagnosis and treatment,health status and development of chronic diseases were collected using face-to-face questionnaire surveys and physical examinations,and the factors affecting the development of chronic diseases were identified among cured leprosy patients using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results Totally 708 cured leprosy patients were included,with a male to female ratio of 2.75︰1,and a mean age of(71.84±10.09)years.The overall prevalence of disability was 48.45%.The prevalence of chronic diseases was 31.78% among participants,and the prevalence rates of hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke,dyslipidemia,tumor,chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases were 25.14%,4.10%,3.67%,3.67%,2.26%,2.26% and 0.85%,respectively.There were 154 participants with a type of chronic diseases(21.75%),61 with two types of chronic diseases(8.62%)and 10 with 3 and more types of chronic diseases(1.41%).Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified complete loss of labor ability(OR=1.484,95%CI:1.015-2.171),labor income as the major economic source(OR=0.621,95%CI:0.407-0.948),being cared of(OR=1.832,95%CI:1.203-2.788)and disability(OR=1.715,95%CI:1.127-2.608)as factors affecting the development of chronic diseases among cured leprosy patients.Conclusion There is a high risk of chronic diseases among cured leprosy patients with loss of labor ability,with government subsidy and others’funding as the major economic source,requiring to be cared of and with disability in Huai’an City.