环境食品学:概念、内涵及其研究方法

Environment correlative dietology:concept,connotation and methods of studying

食品及环境均是影响人体健康的重要因素。主流的西方营养学、膳食学侧重于研究环境地理、气候条件或饮食模式对人体健康的影响,而忽略传统食品的健康作用与其起源及环境和人类健康的耦联关系。本文首先全面概述环境地理、饮食模式与人体健康的研究进展,并在此基础上界定环境食品学研究范围。“环境食品学”可大致界定为:基于东方人天人相应的健康观以及体质的特殊性,采取现代科学手段研究处于特定环境下进食之于健康的关系及机制的系统科学。然后以国人因自身体质和饮食习惯差异而表现区别于西方人群的寒热证为例,系统论述食品和环境耦合之于健康的关系,最后介绍环境食品学的现代研究方法。环境食品学作为新型交叉学科,在环境基础上侧重于东方传统膳食营养,主要研究处于特定环境条件下以混合膳食进食产生的健康效应,该领域相关研究成果可对中国传统食品(如环境地理食品和应季食品)的开发提供参考。

Both food and environment are important factors that affect human health.The mainstream western nutrition and dietetics focus on the study of the impact of environmental geography,climate conditions or dietary patterns on human health,while ignoring the coupling relationship between the health function of traditional food and its origin,environment and human health.This article firstly comprehensively summarized the progress on environmental geography,dietary patterns and human health,and defined the research scope of environment correlative dietology.“Environment correlative dietology”can be roughly defined as a systematic science that adopts modern scientific methods to study the relationship and mechanism of eating and health in a specific environment based on the oriental people's concept“nature-mankind correspondence”and the particularity of their physique.Then,the relationship between food and environment coupling to health by taking cold and hot syndromes which distinguishes Chinese from Western because of their physical constitution and dietary habits as an example was systematically discussed.Finally,the modern research methods in environment correlative dietology were introduced.As a new interdisciplinary subject,environment correlative dietology focuses on the study of traditional oriental dietary nutrition on the basis of environment,and the health effects of eating with mixed diet under specific environmental conditions.Relevant research results in this field will provide reference for the development of Chinese traditional food including environmental geographic food and seasonal food.