北魏洛阳永宁寺塔可能原状再探讨

Reevaluating the Original State of the Yongning Temple Pagoda in Northern-Wei Luoyang

20世纪80年代,笔者曾关注永宁寺塔研究,尝试做过相关原状可能性探讨,因缺乏资料而中辍。20世纪90年代在考古资料基础上,先后两位建筑史学者对永宁寺塔进行了原创性复原研究。之后笔者因某一因缘再次参与到永宁寺塔复原探究中,基于永宁寺塔史料记载与考古发掘中存在的数字“七”之特征,结合相近时代中日佛塔在塔身比例上的比例规则,完成一篇可能原状复原探讨。但对这一研究中的比例与数字,始终存有一些质疑。之后几年,笔者又对考古遗址平面及塔身高度记载中存在的数字“九”,及这一数字在塔身平面与高度比例中可能存在的数据与比例控制作用,进行了再思考与再分析,同时对之前复原中的塔内土坯中心塔柱也作了分析与探讨。本文是在这一思考与研究基础上的一个新成果。

In the 1980s,the author studied the pagoda of Yongning Temple in Luoyang,dating from the Northern Wei dynasty,but had to stop because of the lack of data.In the 1990s,two other architectural historians carried out restoration research based on new archaeological findings.After that,the author engaged again in the discussion:he proposed a new explanation model of the pagoda’s original state based on the number seven,in line with the rules of proportional design of Chinese and Japanese pagodas at the time.However,some questions remained open,and the author continued his research.In the following years,the author discovered the importance of the number nine in historical texts and excavation data for controlling the ground plan and elevation of the pagoda body;additionally,the author reevaluated the previous restoration of the central pagoda column made of adobe bricks.This article now presents the results of the author’s years-long efforts and his latest thoughts on how the pagoda of Yongning Temple in Luoyang could have really looked like.