运动损伤视角下我国单板滑雪平行大回转奥运项目发展路径研究

A Study on Sports Injury of Snowboarding Parallel Giant Slalom and its Implications for the Development Path of this Olympic Event in China

单板滑雪平行大回转跨界跨项国家集训队中15名队员在2019年6月至12月的集训过程中,发生运动损伤142例,运动员日合计2303日。为探究其运动损伤发生的特点及规律,并提供预防运动损伤的理论依据,本文通过帕累托分析法对相关数据进行处理分析。结果:研究对象的主要发病部位包括腰部、颈部、肩部、小腿、膝部、足踝,累计百分比达82.39%;主要运动损伤类型为肌肉劳损、挫伤及扭伤,累计百分比达81.69%。建议:以赛代练,增加赛事体系投入;研发智能化的体能训练设备,积极借鉴世界强队在单板平行大回转专项技术及体能训练上的成功经验;加强相应的运动前与运动后的康复设施及相关产业方向的发展,重点发展腰部、颈部及肩部的防护装备的发展与布局。健全损伤预防机制,结合智慧医疗体系研发康复训练器械;合理构建运动员生理生化机能监控及运动损伤防治数据库,降低运动损伤风险,从而达到促进单板滑雪平行大回转项目产业发展的目的。

A total of 143 cases of sports injuries occurred to 15 members of the snowboarding parallel giant slalom cross-country national training team during the training period from June to December 2019,with a total of 2303 athlete days.The purpose of the study is to investigate the characteristics and rules of their sports injury occurrence and to provide a theoretical basis for sports injury prevention.We processed and analyzed relevant data by Pareto analysis.RESULTS:The main incidence areas of the subjects included waist,neck,shoulder,calf,knee and ankle,with a cumulative percentage of 82.39%;the main types of sports injuries were muscle strain,contusions and sprains,with a cumulative percentage of 81.69%.SUGGESTIONS:We have the following recommendations:participating in competitions in place of training and increasing investment to event related system;carrying out research and development of intelligent physical training equipment,and actively learning from the successful experience of world-leading teams in snowboard parallel giant slalom special technology and physical training;strengthening the growth of rehabilitation facilities before and after exercise and related industries,with a focus on the coordinated presence and growth of waist,neck and shoulder protection facilities.We also recommend to improve the injury prevention mechanism,to R&D of rehabilitation training equipment in combination with the intelligent medical care system;to build athletes physiological and biochemical function monitoring and sports injury prevention and control database,to reduce the risk of sports injuries,so as to optimize the development of the snowboarding parallel slalom sports industry.