基于奖牌分布状况的世界田坛竞争格局分析

An Analysis of World Athletics Competition Pattern Based on Medal Distribution

作为除奥运会外具有较大影响力的国际田径赛事——世界田径锦标赛至今已成功举办过18届,在近40年的发展历史中该项赛事受到了世界各国的普遍重视。本文利用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法、对比分析法等多种方法,对2011年大邱世锦赛、2013年莫斯科世锦赛、2015年北京世锦赛、2017年伦敦世锦赛、2019年多哈世锦赛及2022年尤金世锦赛六届田径世锦赛的金牌、奖牌分布情况进行了统计分析,借助项群理论总结归纳出田径世锦赛的成绩特征和世界竞争格局。在此基础上提出增强国内赛事发展活力,丰富选材渠道、夯实优势项目基础、借鉴优势经验补短板等发展建议,供中国田径备战2023年世锦赛相关工作参考。

World Athletics Championships,as the second-most influential international track and field competition after the Olympic Games,have run for 18 sessions so far.In the development course for nearly 40 years,the competition has become a heavyweight global event.By literature review,video observation,mathematical statistics and comparative analysis,this study had a statistical analysis of the gold medals and distribution of medals at the following six World Athletics Championships:Daegu 2011,Moscow 2013,Beijing 2015,London 2017,Doha 2019 and Eugene 2022.Based on the theory of sports event group,the paper summarizes the results characteristics and the world competition pattern of the Championships and makes recommendations as follows:enhancing vitality of domestic events,diversifying talent selection channels,consolidating the foundation of strengths,learning from the best practice and fixing weaknesses.The study provides reference for Chinese track and field team in the preparation for the World Athletics Championships 2023.