从第18届室内田径世锦赛奖牌分布看田径竞争新格局

New Competition Ranking of Track and Field:Based on Medal Distribution of the 18^(th)IAAF Indoor World Championships

本文利用文献资料法、数据统计、预测分析等方法,对第18届室内田径世锦赛奖牌分布情况进行归纳总结,并与第16届、17届室内田径世锦赛参赛国家和地区以及各个大洲的金牌和奖牌的获得与分布情况进行比较,结果表明:①20%的国家和地区金牌和奖牌的获得数处于波动状态,金牌和奖牌的走向朝着多元化的方向发展,但整体而言大部分金牌与奖牌的获得数仍趋于集中化;②美国的金牌榜霸主地位易主,但仍是当今世界田坛的第一强国,埃塞俄比亚队强势崛起,跻身第一集团并与美国形成对峙局面;③以瑞士、瑞典为首的第二集团队伍不断扩大,成为制约美国独霸田坛的重要力量;④大洋洲、南美洲和亚洲仍处于世界田坛的末端,但实力有所提升,自身的优势项目正在逐渐形成。

By literature review,statistics,forecast analysis and other methods,this paper summarizes the medal distribution of the 18th Athletics Indoor World Championships,and compares it with the gold medals of the participating countries and regions and various continents in the 16th and 17th Athletics Indoor World Championships.We deduce the current new pattern of world track and field by comparing medal acquisition and distribution:(a)The number of gold medals and medals won by 20%of the countries and regions is fluctuating,and the trend of gold medals and medals is developing in a diversified direction,but most of the gold medals and medals obtained are still tending to be centralized;(b)The United States has changed its dominance in the gold medal list,but it is still the first power in the field of the world today.Meanwhile,the Ethiopian team has risen strongly and became the first group formed a confrontation with the United States;(c)The second group led by Switzerland and Sweden continued to expand and became a significant force in limiting the United States’dominance in the field;(d)Oceania,South America and Asia were still in the midst of the world field.However,the strength has improved in the end,and its own beneficial projects are gradually taking shape.