论王阳明诗中的悲苦色彩

On the Tragic Color in Wang Yangming’s Poetry

作为“明代第一流人物”,王阳明一生除在心学学术体系构建上成就瞩目外,诗歌创作成就亦不逊色。作为社会主体中的士人、学术主体中的学人、政治主体中的仕人、儒家传统下的仁人,王阳明的诗歌充满了浓厚的悲苦色彩,主要体现在四个方面:一是由于仕途乖蹇,频繁的离别与远离故土,其诗流露出伤别之苦与首丘之思;二是政治上频遭贬谪,其诗表现出诗人贬谪之痛与苦闷之情;三是对于当时世道衰败、人性堕落的现实社会,诗人怀有感世之伤与忧世之心;四是在学术思想的构建与传播中,诗人往往产生道穷之悲与穷途之感。

As a“first-rate figure in the Ming Dynasty”,Wang Yangming not only made remarkable achievements in the construction of the academic system of his doctrine of mind,but also made great achievements in poetry creation.As an intellectual of social subject,a scholar of academic subject,an official of political subject and a gentleman of Confucian tradition,Wang Yangming wrote poems which were full of strong tragic color.In a word,it is mainly reflected in four aspects:firstly,because of his troubled official career,frequent departure and distance from hometown,his poetry repeatedly revealed pain of parting and homesickness;secondly,because he had been exiled from the court frequently,he expressed deep agony and depression in his poems;thirdly,he felt deeply hurt and worried about the decline of the world and the degradation of human nature;fourthly,he voiced his sadness about the exhaustion of learning in the construction and dissemination of academic thoughts.