栽培黑麦光敏色素PHYA、PHYB和PHYC基因转录丰度对不同光质处理的响应

Transcription abundances of PHYA,PHYB,and PHYC genes in response to different light treatments in Secale cereale

栽培黑麦(Secale cereal L.)属于禾本科黑麦属,是一种有价值的粮食和饲料作物,对生物和非生物胁迫具有很高的抗性。黑麦1RS染色体臂携带的抗病基因通过染色体易位转入小麦基因组,1BL/1RS易位系在世界范围内提高了小麦对白粉病和条锈病抗性。光敏色素是一类红光/远红光受体,调控植物的种子萌发、株高、避荫性反应和开花等适应性反应。本试验克隆了黑麦光敏色素基因(phytochrome)ScPHYA、ScPHYB和ScPHYC,利用荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)方法分析ScPHYs在不同组织中的转录丰度,及其在幼苗期对不同光质和光周期处理的响应。研究发现,黑麦与拟南芥、水稻及普通小麦等植物的phys蛋白具有相似的结构域,且与小麦、水稻等禾本科植物的phys蛋白有较高的氨基酸序列一致性,暗示它们可能具有相似的功能。ScPHYs在根中的表达水平最高,并在黑暗和远红光条件下的转录丰度较高;由黑暗转红光、远红光、蓝光和白光条件下三者的表达模式略有不同。在光周期反应中,长日照条件下三者的表达模式相似,短日照条件下三者的表达模式各不相同。以上结果表明,ScPHYs可能在黑麦光形态建成中发挥重要功能。本文通过对3个黑麦光敏色素基因的转录分析,为研究黑麦的光信号系统提供参考,同时也为进一步探究光敏色素在黑麦遗传改良及分子育种中的应用提供依据。

Cultivated rye(Secale cereal L.),belonging to the rye genus of the poaceae family,is a valuable food and feed crop that is highly resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses.The 1BL/1RS translocation line has improved wheat resistance to powdery mildew and stripe rust worldwide.Phytochromes are an red/far-red receptors that regulate seed germination,plant height,shade avoidance response,flowering,and other adaptive responses in plants.In this study,three phytochrome genes,ScPHYA,ScPHYB,and ScPHYC were cloned.The transcriptional abundance of ScPHYs in different tissues and light treatments was analyzed by qRT-PCR.The results showed that phys of rye had similar domains with those of Arabidopsis,rice,and wheat,and had higher amino acid sequence consistency with those of wheat and rice,suggesting that they might have similar function.The transcriptional abundances of Sc PHYs were the highest in roots,and higher under dark and far-red light than other continuous light conditions,while the relative expression patterns of the three genes were slightly different in the transformation from dark to red light,far-red light,blue light,and white light.In photoperiodic response,the relative expression patterns of the three genes were similar under long-day conditions,but different under short-day conditions.These results indicated that Sc PHYs may play an important role in the photomorphogenesis of rye.The transcriptional analysis of three rye phytochrome genes provides a reference for the study of rye optical signal system and a basis for exploring the application of phytochrome in rye genetic improvement and molecular breeding.