季铵盐型酸性染料防沾皂洗剂的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of quaternary ammonium salt acid dye anti-staining soaping agent

为了提高酸性染料皂洗剂的防沾色效果,以丙三醇和环氧氯丙烷为原料合成季铵化试剂,以此对脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚进行季铵化改性,合成脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚三季铵盐(1815三季铵盐)。以1815三季铵盐为防沾色剂,以非离子(平平加O-25)、阴离子(SDS)表面活性剂为净洗剂,将防沾色剂与净洗剂复配,制备季铵盐型酸性染料防沾皂洗剂。研究1815三季铵盐合成工艺对产物收率的影响,优化合成工艺;表征1815三季铵盐的结构;测试季铵盐型酸性染料防沾皂洗剂的皂洗效果,并与市售酸性染料皂洗剂进行比较。结果表明,1815三季铵盐的优化合成工艺为:n(季铵化试剂)∶n(1815)=1∶2,反应温度130℃,滴加时间2 h,此时季铵盐的收率为57.45%。将皂洗剂用于羊毛织物酸性染料染色皂洗,1815三季铵盐防沾皂洗剂的沾色样K/S值为0.680 5,皂洗残液吸光度为0.355 6;皂洗剂MA-AA的沾色样K/S值为2.772 6,皂洗残液吸光度为0.010 5;皂洗剂NR-2的沾色样K/S值为1.009 9,皂洗残液吸光度为0.048 5;皂洗剂SNR的沾色样K/S值为0.780 0,皂洗残液吸光度为0.005 6。相比于市售酸性染料皂洗剂,所制防沾皂洗剂具有更好的皂洗效果。

In order to improve the anti-staining effect of acid dye soaping agent, the quaternary ammonium reagent was synthesized from glycerol and epichlorohydrin, and the aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether was quaternized to synthesize the aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether triquaternary ammonium salt(1815 triquaternary ammonium salt). Quaternary ammonium salt acid dye anti-staining soaping agent was prepared by using 1815 triquaternary ammonium salt as anti-staining agent and non-ionic(pingpingjia O-25) and anionic(SDS) surfactant as detergent. The effect of the synthesis process of 1815 triquaternary ammonium salt on the yield of quaternary ammonium salt was studied, and the synthesis conditions were optimized. The structure of 1815 triquaternary ammonium salt was characterized. The soaping performance of quaternary ammonium salt acid dye anti-staining soaping agent was tested, and compared with commercially acid dye soap agent. The results showed that the synthesis process of 1815 triquaternary ammonium salt was as follows:n(quaternization reagent)∶n(1815)=1∶2, reaction temperature 130 ℃, dripping time 2 h, and the yield of 1815 triquaternary ammonium salt was 57.45%. The soaping agent was used in the soaping of wool fabric dyed with acid dyes. The K/S value of staining sample of 1815 triquaternary ammonium salt anti-staining soaping agent was 0.680 5, and the absorbance of washing solution was 0.355 6. The K/S value of staining sample of the soaping agent MA-AA was 2.772 6, and the absorbance of washing solution was 0.010 5. The K/S value of staining sample of the soaping agent NR-2 was 1.009 9, and the absorbance of washing solution was 0.048 5.The K/S value of staining sample of the soaping agent SNR was 0.780 0, and the absorbance of washing solution was 0.005 6. Compared with the commercial acid dye soaping agent, the anti-staining soaping agent had better soaping effect.