文化导向的收缩城市复兴策略——英国利物浦经验及启示

Culturally Oriented Shrinking Urban Regeneration Strategies——The Experience and Inspiration of Liverpool,UK

近些年,随着全球城市收缩进程及相伴的城市衰退现象加剧,城市复兴逐渐成为收缩城市规划的重要议题。英国利物浦曾经作为典型的收缩城市,通过一系列文化导向的多元复兴政策成功助推了城市的再增长,是城市复兴的典范。2008年的利物浦“欧洲文化之都”项目则是其中重要的代表案例之一。总结该项目发展经验,系统梳理利物浦以文化为导向的城市复兴策略,旨在为中国收缩城市提供借鉴。首先全面梳理了利物浦城市收缩和复兴的发展历程,分析了欧洲文化之都项目的发展背景和实施方案;然后剖析了基于该项目的文化主导策略和相关发展策略对于城市复兴的推动作用,并归纳了该项目后续对城市发展政策的深远影响;最后以文化导向发展策略的核心价值和关键路径为借鉴,进一步提出对中国收缩城市的启示。

In recent years,with the intensified process of global urban shrinkage and the accompanying urban recession,urban regeneration has gradually become an important issue in shrinking urban planning.Liverpool,England,once a typical shrinking city,successfully boosted the urban growth through a series of culture-oriented diversified Renaissance policies,which is a model of urban regeneration."European Capital of Culture" project in 2008 is one of the important representative cases.The article summarizes the development experience of the project and systematically combs Liverpool’s culture oriented urban regeneration strategy,aiming to provide reference for China’s shrinking cities.Firstly,it comprehensively combed the development process of Liverpool’s urban shrinkage and regeneration,and analyzed the development background and implementation plan of the European Capital of Culture project.Then it analyzes the driving effect of the cultural leading strategy and relevant development strategies based on the project on urban regeneration,and summarizes the far-reaching impact of the project on urban development policies.Finally,taking the core value and key path of culture-oriented development strategy as reference,this paper further puts forward the enlightenment to the contraction of cities in China.