基于跨理论模型的动机性访谈对老年2型糖尿病患者的效果分析

Effect Analysis of Motivational Interviewing based on Trans-theoretical Model in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

目的:探讨以跨理论模型为基础的动机性访谈在老年2型糖尿病患者(TM2D)中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年5月-2022年3月广州市番禺区沙湾街社区卫生服务中心收治的44例老年TM2D患者为研究对象,按照随机数字法将其分为对照组和观察组,各22例。对照组实施常规干预,观察组实施常规联合跨理论模型为基础的动机性访谈干预。比较两组血糖控制情况、负性情绪情况及糖尿病知识掌握程度。结果:干预后,观察组空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白及餐后2 h血糖水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组焦虑自评量表评分和抑郁自评量表评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组糖尿病知识总掌握率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:以跨理论模型为基础的动机性访谈应用于老年TM2D患者中,能够有效控制患者的血糖水平,改善患者不良情绪,提高疾病相关性知识掌握程度,值得临床推广。

Objective: To investigate the effect of motivational interviewing based on trans-theoretical model in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes(TM2D). Methods: A total of 44 elderly patients with TM2D who were admitted to the Shawan Street Community Health Service Center of Panyu District from May 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the research objects.According to random number method, they were divided into control group and observation group, 22 cases in each. The control group was given routine intervention, and the observation group was given routine combined with motivational interviewing intervention based on trans-theoretical model. The blood glucose control, negative emotions and diabetes knowledge were compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and 2h postprandial blood glucose levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After the intervention, the scores of anxiety self-rating scale and depression self-rating scale in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The total mastery rate of diabetes knowledge in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: Motivational interviewing based on the trans-theoretical model is applied to elderly TM2D patients, which can effectively control the blood glucose level, improve the patient’s negative emotions, and improve the mastery of disease-related knowledge, which is worthy of clinical promotion.