地质聚合物基防护涂料及其性能提升技术的研究进展

Research Progress of Geopolymer-based Protective Coating and Its Performance Improvement Technology

地质聚合物基防护涂料是一种以地质聚合物为成膜物质且性能优越的新型无机涂料。但硅铝质原料和激发剂种类繁多使地质聚合物基防护涂料固化成膜机理复杂,表干时间、粘结强度和耐侵蚀性存在差异,同时受环境温湿度影响较大。在工程应用中应根据实际需求及环境条件,对硅铝质原料,激发剂种类、模数及掺量,外加剂和配比等方面进行优选。同时,地质聚合物也存在一些缺点,如收缩大、易开裂和易碳化等,一定程度上也限制了其在工程中的广泛应用。本文分别阐述了高钙、低钙和无钙三种不同体系地质聚合物基防护涂料固化成膜的影响因素,详细分析了硅铝质原料、激发剂和固化条件等对地质聚合物基防护涂料表干时间、粘结强度和耐侵蚀性的影响,并针对地质聚合物基防护涂料的存在问题,阐述了硅铝质原料复掺、掺入纳米粒子、层状双金属氢氧化物(LDHs)和聚合物改性等技术措施对地质聚合物基防护涂料性能的改善作用。

Geopolymer-based protective coating(GPC)is a new type of inorganic coating with excellent properties and geopolymers as film forming material.However,due to the wide variety of silicon-aluminum materials and activators,the curing mechanism of GPC is complicated,with differences in surface drying time,adhesion strength and erosion resistance.Notably,the environmental temperature and humidity affect these performances.In engineering applications,actual needs and environmental conditions should be considered to optimize the selection of silica-aluminum raw materials,activator types,modulus and dosage,admixture and ratio.At the same time,geopolymers also have some disadvantages,such as high shrinkage,brittle cleavage and carbonation,which also limit its wide application in engineering to a certain extent.This article describes the influence factors of curing film formation of GPC of high calcium,low calcium and noncalcium,analyzes the effects of aluminosilicate material,activator and curing conditions on the surface drying time,adhesion strength and erosion resistance of GPC.This paper indicates the improvement effect of strategies on the performance of GPC to handle the existing problems,such as adding aluminosilicate raw materials,nanoparticles,LDHs and organic polymers.