瓜环主客体相互作用驱动的瓜环基超分子框架

Q[n]-based Supramolecular Framework Driven by Host-guest Interaction

框架材料,如金属有机框架(MOFs)、共价有机框架(COFs)和超分子有机框架(SOFs)因在多相催化、吸附和离子交换等领域有着广泛的应用前景而迅速发展。瓜环具有静电势呈正电性外表面、静电势呈负电性端口羰基和静电势呈中性空腔的刚性结构,适合作为瓜环基框架的基本构件。而瓜环的这3个结构特征可以构建三类瓜环基框架:瓜环自身构建的框架,瓜环/金属离子配合物构建的框架,瓜环/客体配合物构建的框架。文中主要总结瓜环/客体配合物构建的瓜环基框架,包括:1)简单的主客体包结配合物,2)主客体包结超分子聚合物,3)端口作用主客体配合物或聚合物构建的瓜环基框架。

Framework materials such as metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),covalent organic frameworks(COFs)and supramolecular organic frameworks(SOFs)are developing rapidly as a result of their wide application prospects in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis,adsorption and ion exchange.Cucurbit[n]urils(Q[n]s)have a rigid structure with electrostatic potential positive outer surface,negative portal carbonyl oxygen atoms and neraly neutral cavity,which are suitable to be used as the basic building blocks of Q[n]-based frameworks.The three structural features of Q[n]s can be used to construct three types of Q[n]-based frameworks,which are Q[n]s themself,Q[n]/metal ion complexes,Q[n]-guest complexes,respectively.In this review,we summarized Q[n]-based frameworks constructed by the following:simple Q[n]-guest inclusion complexes,Q[n]-guest inclusion supramolecular polymers,and Q[n]-guest exlusion complexes and supra-molecular polymers.