农户主动选择、政府多元介入与林果亲环境农业技术采纳研究

Study on farmers’ active choice,government multidirectional intervention and the adoption of pro-environmental agricultural technology in forestry-fruit industry

亲环境农业技术是治理农业面源污染、推动农业绿色转型和高质量发展的新型绿色生产要素。本文以特色林果种植的新型节肥、减药技术为例,利用研究区609份农户调研数据,应用二元Logit模型,分析农户主动选择和政府多元介入对林果亲环境农业技术采纳的影响。结果表明,仅有37.6%的农户主动选择林果亲环境农业技术,政府管制型介入、推广型介入、补贴型介入水平分别为48.3%、86.5%和63.1%,农户对新型节肥、减药技术采纳率分别为31.0%和33.3%。农户主动选择和政府多元介入对林果亲环境农业技术采纳行为具有显著促进作用。政府管制和政府补贴等政府多元介入在农户主动选择与技术采纳行为之间具有正向调节作用,不同亲环境农业技术的农户主动选择与政府多元介入作用效果存在差异。不同受教育程度下农户主动选择与政府多元介入对节肥减药技术采纳边际效应存在差异,受教育程度等农户异质性将导致亲环境农业技术采纳行为产生差异。因此,提出应着力于培育农户技术选择的内生动力,强化政府多元介入的外部推力,精准开展特色林果亲环境农业技术推广等政策建议。

Pro-environmental agricultural technology is a new green production factor for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and promoting green transformation and high-quality development of agriculture.Taking the new fertilizer-saving and pesticide-saving technology of characteristic forestry-fruit planting as an example,based on a survey data of 609 farmers in the study area,and applying the binary Logit model,this paper empirically analyzed the influences of farmers’ active choice and government multidirectional intervention on the adoption of pro-environmental agricultural technology of forestry-fruit.Results show that only 37.6% of farmers in the study area actively chose pro-environmental agricultural technology of forestry-fruit.The levels of government regulation,promotion intervention and government subsidies of pro-environmental agriculture were 48.3%,86.5% and 63.1%,respectively.The adoption rates of new fertilizer saving and drug reduction technologies were 31.0% and 33.3%,respectively.Farmers’ active choice and government multidirectional interventions have significant impacts on promoting the adoption of pro-environmental agricultural technology of forestry-fruit.Government regulations and government subsidies have positive moderating effects on farmers’ active choice and technology adoption behaviors.There are differences in the effect of farmers’ active choice and government multidirectional interventions with different pro-environmental agricultural technologies.There are differences in the marginal effects of farmers’ active choice and government’s multidirectional interventions on the adoption of fertilizer-saving and pesticide-saving technologies under different educational levels.Farmers’ heterogeneity such as educational level will lead to differences in the adoption of pro-environmental agricultural technology.Therefore,this paper suggests to cultivate the endogenous motivation of farmers’ technological selection,to strengthen the external thrust of government’s multidirectional interventions,and to carry out the promotion of pro-environmental agricultural technology of characteristic forestry-fruit accurately.