斥水土保水性在农业中的应用

Application of Water Conservation of Water Repellent Soil in Agriculture

在砂土中加入十八胺使其具有斥水性,对斥水土在农业方面的应用展开研究,在室外采用铺盖斥水土、覆膜及不覆膜3种方式在相同的自然环境下进行辣椒的种植,对比分析各种植方式的累积浇水量、株高、径粗、同期采摘的辣椒质量等参数;同时采用温纳四极法在同等土壤环境条件下对铺盖斥水土的区域和不做保水措施的天然土壤区域的土壤电阻率分别进行雨前、雨后的对比分析。试验发现:在辣椒前期生长中,铺盖斥水土区域的辣椒浇水量在3者中最少,同期辣椒产量略少于覆膜区域但远超过未覆膜区域,株高偏低,径粗最小;在测量土壤电阻率时,铺盖斥水土区域的电阻率降雨前后均比自然土壤区域的电阻率小,降雨前后电阻率值的变化幅度也较小。试验表明,斥水土可以降低天然土壤内部的水分运动速率,对减少土壤内部水分蒸发具有明显的效果,有利于作物的生长,为干旱地区提供新的保水措施思路。

The sand was added with octylamine to make it water repellent,and pepper was planted in the same natural environment by three groups:covering water repellent soil,film mulching,and non-film mulching.Cumulative watering amount,plant height,diameter,and quality of pepper at the same time were compared and analyzed.At the same time,the Weiner quadrupole method was used to compare soil resistivity.Results showed that in the early growth period of pepper,amount of pepper watering in the area covered with water repellent soil was the least,and yield of pepper in the same period was slightly less than that in area covered with film and far more than that in area not covered with film,plant height was lower,and diameter was the least.Soil resistivity of covered water repellent soil area before and after rainfall was smaller than that of natural soil area.And variation range of resistivity value of covered water repellent soil area was smaller than that of natural soil area.Results showed that repulsion of water repellent soil could reduce rate of water movement in natural soil,reduce water evaporation of field,and benefit growth of crops.The trial aimed to provide new water conservation measures for dry areas without affecting crop growth.