墨家劳动观视角下中国劳动立法精神溯源

Tracing the Spirit of Chinese Labor Legislation from the Perspective of Mozi’s View of Labor

我国现行劳动立法之精神内涵很大程度上可以在墨家劳动观中找到其对应内容。相比于主流观点认为劳动权利保护思想起源于西方,在墨家学说中寻找劳动立法的精神源泉在一定程度上更能与我国文化基因相契合。虽然,春秋战国时期社会政治经济背景与现在不同,但墨子提出的劳工保护思想穿越时空,仍具有当代价值。同时,当代中国的体制,仍然继承了千百年来以权力集中为主的特征,与墨家思想在主张集权的同时保护劳动者的思想仍然相通,对当今中国劳动者保护现状也具有借鉴意义。在我国近代政治制度形成过程中,亦有许多政治家参考了墨家思想,将其融入了近代中国制度建设。因此,墨家的劳动者保护理念在当代仍有回溯的意义,相比于西方劳动法理念,应当成为我国特有的劳动立法思想渊源之一。

To a large extent,the spiritual content of our current labor legislation can find its counterpart in the Mozi’s view of labor.Compared with the mainstream view that the idea of labor rights protection originated in the West,finding the spiritual source of labor legislation in the Mozi doctrine is to a certain extent more compatible with Chinese cultural genes.Although the socio-political and economic background of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period is different from nowadays,the labor protection ideas proposed by Mozi travel through time and space and still have contemporary value.At the same time,the contemporary Chinese system,which still inherits the characteristics of centralized power dominated for thousands of years,is still connected with Mozi’s idea of protecting laborers while advocating centralized power,and it also has implications for the current situation of labor protection in China today.In the process of forming China’s modern political system,many scholars have also referred to Mozi’s thought and incorporated it into the construction of modern Chinese institutions.Therefore,the Mozi’s philosophy of labor protection still has retrospective significance in contemporary times,and should become one of the unique sources of labor legislation in China compared to the Western labor law philosophy.