数字经济、空间效应与外贸出口

Digital economy, spatial effect and foreign trade export

运用主成分分析法构建了衡量数字经济发展水平的指标体系,并使用2004—2019年我国30个省份的面板数据实证研究数字经济对外贸出口的影响。结果表明数字经济的发展对我国外贸出口存在促进作用,且其对外贸出口的促进作用存在异质性:对中部地区外贸出口的促进作用远超东部地区,但对西部地区的作用尚未充分展现;相对于高出口贸易额地区,低出口贸易额地区数字经济的发展能对外贸出口起到更大的促进作用;对金融危机后的促进作用强于金融危机前。进一步的空间计量研究发现,数字经济的发展不仅会提升本区域外贸出口,还存在显著的空间溢出效应,有助于提升邻近区域的外贸出口。

The paper uses the method of principle component analysis to construct an index system for measuring the development level of digital economy, and makes an empirical study of the impact of digital economy on foreign trade export with the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2019. The results show that the development of digital economy promotes China’s foreign trade export, and the impact of digital economy on China’s foreign trade export is heterogeneous. The role of promoting foreign trade export in the central region goes far beyond that in the eastern region,but the role in the western region hasn’t been fully demonstrated. Compared with that in high export volume region, the development of digital economy in low export volume region may play a greater role in promoting foreign trade export, and the promoting effect after the financial crisis is stronger than that before the financial crisis. Further spatial econometric study finds that the development of digital economy will not only enhance the regional foreign trade export, but also have a significant spatial spillover effect, which helps to improve the foreign trade export level of adjacent regions.