早期迁移经历对农村个体教育人力资本的影响

An Analysis of the Influence of Early Migration Experience on Rural Individual Educational Human Capital

从生命历程的视角,利用CFPS数据,分析农村个体早期,即儿童时期的迁移流动经历对其成年后的教育人力资本的影响,发现早期迁移经历会对个体成年后的教育人力资本产生显著影响。早期迁移经历对个体受教育质量的影响是正面的,尤其是农村非户籍迁移个体。早期迁移经历的发生会显著提高个体的识字能力和数学能力,且这种积极影响会在发生迁移的时机更早、距离更远时,表现得更为强烈。对此,政府应多关注农村非户籍迁移群体,促进其家庭化流动,从而减少留守儿童,增加农村儿童的迁移机会。同时,应多方位保障流动儿童的受教育权力,保证这部分儿童能够通过迁移利用更好的教育资源、减少其学业中断的风险。此外,还应出台相应政策支持农村家庭在儿童适当的年龄进行远距离的迁移。

From the perspective of life course,using CFPS data,this paper analyzed the impact of rural individuals early migration experience on their adult educational human capital,and found that the early migration experience will have a significant impact on the individual s adult educational human capital.On the one hand,early migration experience had a positive impact on individual education quality.Early migration experiences significantly improved literacy and math skills,and the positive effects were stronger when migration occurred earlier and at greater distances.In this regard,the government should promote family mobility so as to reduce the left-behind of children and increase the migration opportunities of rural children.At the same time,the right of migrant children to receive education should be guaranteed in various ways to ensure that these children can make use of better educational resources through migration and reduce the risk of their education interruption.