湿热环境下极限训练热射病的防治研究

Prevention and treatment of extreme training heat stroke in humid and hot environments

由于全球气候变暖,在高温、高湿的环境条件下进行高强度军事极限训练极易发生热射病,病死率非常高。国内外军事研究机构积极开展热射病的防治研究。外军构建极限训练热射病的预防措施、建立热射病早期监测系统、提出筛查极限训练生理评价指标、同时强调热射病预警指标的监测评估和控制的重要性。我军开展了全军官兵热射病预防培训,对部队官兵热耐力状况进行评估,建立多处热习服训练室等。笔者根据我军目前研究现状提出加大开展极限训练热射病防治系列研究、建立科学的补水补盐方案、加强卫勤装备技术研发、提升卫勤保障能力及高效药品配备等建议。

Due to global warming,thermal radiation sickness is likely during high intensity military extreme training under a high temperature and humidity,and the fatality rate is very high.Military research institutions at home and abroad have been active in studying how to prevent and treat thermal radiation sickness.Armies in foreign countries have taken precautions against extreme training thermal radiation sickness,established an early monitoring system for thermal radiation sickness,proposed physiological evaluation indicators for screening extreme training,and emphasized the importance of surveillance,evaluation and control of early warning indicators for thermal radiation sickness.China*s military has carried out training related to prevention of thermal radiation disease among the troops,evaluated the thermal endurance of soldiers,and established many training rooms for thermal acclimatization.According to the current research situation of our army,it is recommended that more research be conducted on extreme training and prevention of thermal radiation disease,a workable water and salt replenishment scheme be formulated,the research and development of health service equipment technology,and the health service support capacity be improved and the allocation of efficient drugs be upgraded.