空降兵地面跳伞训练相关肌肉的德尔菲法调查分析

Investigation of ground training related muscles of paratroopers using Delphi method

目的利用德尔菲专家咨询法,筛选空降兵地面伞训涉及程度高的关键肌肉,指导特定肌肉进行精细化训练。方法按照德尔菲专家咨询法要求,选择10名具备相关经验的运动医学及相关专业专家,对空降兵地面伞训所涉及的50项肌肉指标进行判断打分,共进行三轮。采用界值法对每一轮咨询结果得分较低的指标进行删减,并将前一轮统计结果与下一轮问卷整合,最终当专家意见趋于一致时,问卷中的指标即为咨询目标条目(即空降兵地面伞训涉及的重要肌肉)。结果专家积极程度系数为1,权威系数为0.838,三轮咨询协调系数分别为0.281、0.163、0.417(P<0.01)。经过三轮专家咨询,问询表中肌肉指标由50项精简至31项。结论利用德尔菲专家咨询法筛选出空降兵伞训过程中关键肌肉指标31项,对指导训练有重要意义。应进一步通过实际训练,对本研究中筛选出的重点肌肉进行验证,并修正和完善结果,更加科学有效地指导空降兵地面跳伞训练,降低训练伤发生率,提高部队战斗力。

Objective To screen the key muscles involved in ground parachute training of paratroopers using the Delphi expert consultation method,and to guide precise training of specific muscles.Methods As required by the Delphi expert consultation method,10 experts of sports medicine were selected to evaluate and score the 50 muscle indexes involved in the ground parachute training of paratroopers,and three rounds of questionnaire surveys were carried out.The boundary value method was employed to delete the indicators with low scores in each round of consultation.The statistical results of the previous round were integrated with the questionnaire for the next round.Once the expert opinions tended to be consistent,the indicators in the questionnaire were adopted as the targeted items of consultation(that is,important muscles involved in the ground parachute training of paratroopers).Results The positive degree coefficient of experts was 1,the authority coefficient was 0.838,and the coordination coefficient of three rounds of consultation was 0.281,0.163 and 0.417 respectively(P<0.01).After three rounds of expert consultation,the muscle indexes in the questionnaire were reduced from 50 to 31.Conclusion Thirty key muscle indexes for training of paratroopers have been screened out using the Delphi expert consultation method,which is of great significance for related training.The validity of the key muscles selected in this study should be further verified through practical training,and the results should be revised and improved to guide the parachute training of paratroopers,reduce the incidence of injuries,and improve the combat effectiveness of the troops.