菲律宾:2021年回顾与2022年展望

The Philippines:Review of 2021 and Prospect for 2022

2021年,疫情防控和经济重振是菲律宾杜特尔特政府的重点工作。国家治理方面,疫苗接种进度滞后,疫情防控形势严峻,禁毒、反贪和反分裂工作取得新进展,2022年大选准备工作有序推进。经济建设方面,宏观经济有所回温,多项经济指标反弹,疫情防控开支和经济刺激政策加重了政府债务负担,“大建特建”计划完成情况符合预期,供水和通信等行业的反垄断措施取得一定成效。外交关系方面,菲律宾放弃废除《访问部队协议》后,菲律宾与美国的关系全面回暖,菲律宾与日本借庆祝建交65周年之机进一步深化政治、经济和文化领域交往,国际非政府组织和西方媒体继续就人权和新闻自由问题攻击杜特尔特政府,菲律宾与周边国家外交关系及合作持续深化。中菲高层和民间交往愈发密切,疫情防控合作成果斐然,南海摩擦日益增多,“一带一路”倡议与“大建特建”计划对接项目稳步落地。

In 2021,the priorities of the Duterte administration are fighting against and recovering from Covid-19.The vaccination fell behind schedule under the grim situation of pandemic prevention and control;steady progress was made in anti-corruption,anti-drug and anti-secession efforts;preparations for the 2022 general election are steadily progressing.The macroeconomy rebounded from 2021 but has not yet returned to pre-pandemic levels;anti-epidemic spending and economic stimulus policies increased the government’s debt;the overall completion of the Build,Build,Build(BBB)Program meets expectation;and the government’s war against the Oligarchs achieved initial success in the sectors such as water supply and communications.U.S.-Philippine relations warmed up after the Philippines abandoned the abrogation of the Visiting Forces Agreement;Japan and the Philippines took the opportunity to celebrate the 65th anniversary of diplomatic relations to further deepen contacts in the political,economic and cultural fields;the international NGOs and western media continued to attack Duterte on human rights and press freedom issues.The diplomatic relations and cooperation between the Philippines and its neighboring countries have continued to deepen.China and the Philippines are getting closer in high-level and civil contact,the cooperation in the fight against Covid-19has been very fruitful,while conflicts in the South China Sea are more frequent;several projects under the BBB Program supported by Belt and Road Initiative have made progress.