党领导全过程人民民主的乡村治理实践——以安徽村“两委”“一肩挑”为例

The Rural Governance Practice of People’s Democracy in the Whole Process of Party Leadership——Take the Example of“One Shoulder Multi-Task”of the Village“Two Committees”in Anhui Province

村“两委”“一肩挑”是党领导全过程人民民主在乡村治理场域的现实体现,包含村党组织书记通过换届选举当选村委会主任和领导村民参与村庄治理两部分。在村委会换届选举中,党领导全过程人民民主从制度设计、价值塑造和行动选择三重维度,推动党的领导意志与村民意愿达成合意均衡,确保村党组织书记能在村民选票支持下顺利当选村委会主任,实现“一肩挑”的政策目标。在后续的村庄治理中,村“两委”“一肩挑”的全面推行能将党领导全过程人民民主有效延伸到村“两委”日常工作中,促进村庄治理效能提升。村“两委”“一肩挑”更好发挥党领导全过程人民民主的实践优势,需坚持和加强党的全面领导并将这一根本性原则贯穿始终,激活广大村民参与民主决策、民主管理、民主监督和民主协商的主体性、能动性和创造性,有效推进乡村善治与全面振兴。

The“one shoulder multi-task”of the village“two committees”is a realistic embodiment of people’s democracy in the whole process of party leadership in the field of rural governance.The people’s democracy in the whole process of party leadership is mainly embodied in the three-fold dimension of system design,value shaping and action selection,promoting the consensus balance between the party’s leadership will and the villager’will,ensuring that the village party organization secretary can be successfully elected as the chairman of the villager’committee with the support of the villager’votes,and achieving the policy goal of“one shoulder to pick”of the two village committees.In order for the village“two committees”to better to take the practical advantages of people’s democracy,it is not only necessary to uphold and strengthen the fundamental principle of the party’s overall leadership through the whole process,but also to activate the subjectivity,initiative and creativity of the vast number of villagers in participating in democratic decision-making,democratic management,democratic supervision and democratic consultation in this process.