近自然理念下城市河岸带草本植物群落构建的实验研究途径

Approach of Experimental Research on Construction of Herbaceous Plant Community in Urban Riparian Zone Under the Concept of Close-to-Nature

城市河岸带是城市水陆相互作用的生态空间,草本植物作为城市河岸带重要的植被类型,为调节微气候、驱动碳氧循环、提高生物多样性等生态系统服务提供重要支持。现阶段,由于人工草本植物群落构建方式存在瓶颈,城市河岸带草本植物群落的可持续性和功能性较差。通过阐释草本植物群落对于实现城市河岸带生态系统服务功能的作用路径,明确其近自然的目标导向。在分析近自然理念内涵的基础上,总结了城市河岸带草本植物群落的构建方法:1)选择适应性较高的植物种类;2)混植多种可协同共生的植物;3)设计转译植物群落空间复层结构;4)设计转译植物群落物候动态变化。以沈阳浑河河岸带为例,初步提出城市河岸带草本植物群落构建的实验研究途径和具体操作方法,以期为中国城市河岸带、滨水绿地生态系统服务功能提升及可持续草本植物群落构建提供理论参考。

Urban riparian zone is a category of ecological space where land and water interact.As an important vegetation type in urban riparian zone,herbaceous plants can provide important support for microclimate regulation,carbon-oxygen cycle driving,biodiversity improvement and other ecosystem services.At present,the sustainability and functionality of herbaceous plant community in urban riparian zone are poor due to the bottleneck in the construction of artificial herbaceous plant community.This research defines the close-to-nature goal orientation through interpreting the influencing mechanism of herbaceous plant community on the ecosystem service function of urban riparian zone and,through analyzing the connotation of the concept of close-to-nature,summarizes the construction methods for herbaceous plant community in urban riparian zone as follows:1)selecting plant species with high adaptability;2)planting a variety of symbiotic plants;3)designing and deducing the spatial multi-layer structure of herbaceous plant community;4)designing and deducing the dynamic changes of community phenology.Taking the Hunhe River in Shenyang as an example,the research preliminarily proposes an experimental research approach and specific operation methods for the construction of herbaceous plant community in urban riparian zone,in hope of providing theoretical reference for the improvement of ecosystem service function and construction of sustainable herbaceous plant community in urban riparian zones and waterfront green spaces in China.