高坠命案现场尸体水平移行距离的影响因素

Influencing Factors of Horizontal Movement Distance of Bodies in High Falling Deaths

目的 探讨高坠现场尸体水平移行距离的影响因素以及据此推断坠落方式的可行性。方法 收集614例高坠死亡和15例高空抛尸案件,观察尸体水平移行距离与坠落高度以及死者性别、年龄、死亡方式(自杀、意外、抛尸)的关系。结果 高坠水平移行距离随坠落高度增加而增加,各高度组间差异有统计学意义;水平移行距离随死者年龄增加而减小,在各高度组中,60岁以上与其他年龄相比差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性死者水平移行距离(1.99±0.27)m大于女性(1.88±0.19)m,在部分高度组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);天台坠落比窗户坠落具有更大的水平移行距离;除>20~30 m组,其余各高度组内自杀高坠与意外高坠水平移行距离的差异均无统计学意义。结论 高坠水平移行距离受坠落高度,受害者性别、年龄以及坠落起点的空间特征等因素影响。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of the horizontal distance of bodies in the high falling scene and the feasibility of inferring the falling mode based on it. Methods A total of 614high falling deaths and 15 cases of corpse dumping from high altitudes were collected. The relationship between the horizontal distance and the falling height, as well as the sex, age and manner of death(suicide, accident and corpse dumping) were observed. Results The horizontal distance increased with the increase of falling height, and the difference among the height groups was statistically significant. The horizontal distance decreased with the increase of the age of the deceased, in each height group, the difference between the group over 60 years old and other age groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). The horizontal distance of male deceased was(1.99±0.27) m, which was greater than that of female deceased(1.88±0.19)m, and the difference was statistically significant in partial height groups(P<0.05). Roof falls had a greater horizontal movement distance than window falls. Except for the >20-30 m group, there was no significant difference in horizontal distance between suicide high falls and accidental high falls in other height groups. Conclusion The horizontal distance is affected by the falling height, the sex and age of the victim, and the spatial characteristics of the falling starting point.